Refractive errors in an elderly Japanese population - The Tajimi study
Refractive errors in an elderly Japanese population - The Tajimi study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.03.075
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Yamamoto, Tetsuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sawada, Akira;Tomidokoro, Atsuo;Yamamoto, Tetsuya
目的：评估随机抽样的日本老年人群中与年龄、性别和中央角膜厚度相关的屈光不正患病率，并评估屈光和角膜曲率测量中的散光。设计：基于人群的流行病学调查。参与者：随机抽样日本多治见市 40 岁或以上的居民。共有 3021 名居民参与（参与率为 78.1%）。 方法：每位受试者均接受自动角膜屈光仪、主观验光、最佳矫正视力、中央角膜厚度测量、眼压测量、裂隙灯检查、眼底照相、视野检查等筛查检查。 主要指标：近视患病率（球镜当量[SE]，0.5 D）、屈光度散光（柱镜，>0.5 D）和屈光参差（眼睛之间的 SE 差异，>1.0 D），以及屈光不正与年龄、性别和中央角膜厚度的相关性。采用极值分析和矢量计算方法对验光和角膜曲率测量中的散光进行分析。结果：近视、高度近视、远视、验光中屈光散光和屈光参差的粗患病率分别为41.8%（95%置信区间[CI], 40.0%-43.6%）、8.2%（95% CI, 7.2%-9.2%）、分别为 27.9%（95% CI，26.3%-29.6%）、54.0%（95% CI，52.1%-55.8%）和 15.1%（95% CI，13.7%-16.4%）。近视患病率随着年龄的增长而下降，直至70至79岁，但在80岁及以上的患者中略有上升；远视的患病率则呈现相反的趋势。老年人群中散光和屈光参差的患病率较高。除角膜曲率读数外，没有发现与屈光状态相关的显着性别差异。极值分析和矢量计算方法显示，屈光散光和角膜散光散光均随年龄的增长而出现异常散光趋势，且两者之间存在差异。结论：近视总体患病率（SE、
Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors associated with age, gender, and central corneal thickness and to evaluate astigmatism in the refraction and keratometry in a randomly sampled elderly Japanese population.Design: Population-based epidemiologic survey.Participants: A random sampling of residents of Tajimi, Japan, aged 40 years or older. A total of 3021 residents (participation rate, 78.1%) participated.Methods: Each subject underwent screening examinations including autokeratorefractometry, subjective refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, central corneal thickness measurement, intraocular pressure measurement, slit-lamp examination, fundus photography, and visual field testing.Main Outcome Measures: The prevalence of myopia (spherical equivalent [SE], 0.5 D), refractive astigmatism (cylinder, >0.5 D), and anisometropia (difference in SE between eyes, >1.0 D), and the correlation of refractive errors with age, gender, and central corneal thickness. Astigmatism in the refraction and keratometry was analyzed using polar value analysis and the vector calculation method.Results: The crude prevalence of myopia, high myopia, hyperopia, refractive astigmatism in the refraction, and anisometropia was 41.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40.0%-43.6%), 8.2% (95% CI, 7.2%-9.2%), 27.9% (95% CI, 26.3%-29.6%), 54.0% (95% CI, 52.1%-55.8%), and 15.1% (95% CI, 13.7%-16.4%), respectively. The prevalence of myopia decreased with age up to 70 to 79 years but increased slightly in patients 80 years and older; the prevalence of hyperopia showed the opposite trend. The prevalence of astigmatism and anisometropia was higher in the older age groups. No significant gender difference was found associated with the refractive status except for keratometric readings. Polar value analysis and the vector calculation method showed a trend toward against-the-rule astigmatism with increasing age in both refractive and keratometric astigmatism, with a discrepancy between the two.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of myopia (SE,