Multimorphic Materials: Spatially Tailoring Mechanical Properties via Selective Initiation of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
Multimorphic Materials: Spatially Tailoring Mechanical Properties via Selective Initiation of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
复制标题
多晶型材料：通过选择性引发互穿聚合物网络来空间定制机械性能
DOI：
10.1002/adma.202210208
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Page, Zachariah A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allen, Marshall J.;Lien, Hsu‐Ming;Prine, Nathaniel;Burns, Carter;Rylski, Adrian K.;Gu, Xiaodan;Cox, Lewis M.;Mangolini, Filippo;Freeman, Benny D.;Page, Zachariah A.
获得具有空间局部化特性和坚固界面的多材料聚合物有望实现软机器人的新功能，例如先进医疗和制造技术的平稳驱动。在这里，正交引发被用来创建互穿聚合物网络（IPN）的形态和机械性能的空间控制。碱催化形成坚硬和坚固的聚氨酯，而蓝色LED引发形成柔软和弹性的聚丙烯酸酯。IPN形态由LED“开启”时控制，短时间延迟（约1-2分钟）发生大的相分离，长时间延迟（>5分钟）发生混合形态，这得到了动态力学分析、小角度X射线散射和原子力显微镜的支持。通过剪裁形态，拉伸模量和断裂韧性可以在100 - 1-2个数量级上调节。此外，一个简单的弹簧模型被用来解释所观察到的力学行为。光图案化产生“多形态”材料，其中形态以精细精度（<100 µm）在空间上局部化，同时保持均匀的化学组成以减轻界面失效。作为最后的演示，铰链的制造代表了软机器人中多形态材料的可能用例。
Access to multimaterial polymers with spatially localized properties and robust interfaces is anticipated to enable new capabilities in soft robotics, such as smooth actuation for advanced medical and manufacturing technologies. Here, orthogonal initiation is used to create interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) with spatial control over morphology and mechanical properties. Base catalyzes the formation of a stiff and strong polyurethane, while blue LEDs initiate the formation of a soft and elastic polyacrylate. IPN morphology is controlled by when the LED is turned “on”, with large phase separation occurring for short time delays (≈1–2 min) and a mixed morphology for longer time delays (>5 min), which is supported by dynamic mechanical analysis, small angle X‐ray scattering, and atomic force microscopy. Through tailoring morphology, tensile moduli and fracture toughness can be tuned across ≈1–2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, a simple spring model is used to explain the observed mechanical behavior. Photopatterning produces “multimorphic” materials, where morphology is spatially localized with fine precision (<100 µm), while maintaining a uniform chemical composition throughout to mitigate interfacial failure. As a final demonstration, the fabrication of hinges represents a possible use case for multimorphic materials in soft robotics.