Gender differences in blood levels, but not brain levels, of ethanol in rats
Gender differences in blood levels, but not brain levels, of ethanol in rats
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04131.x
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gonzales, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crippens, D;White, ML;Gonzales, RA
雌性啮齿动物倾向于比雄性喝更多的酒，这种差异出现在青春期，并且似乎在雌性发情周期中有所不同。此外，雄性和雌性啮齿动物对酒精的反应不同;例如，据报道，雌性大鼠的消除速度比雄性大鼠快。我们感兴趣的是，循环中的卵巢激素是否会影响酒精在大鼠大脑中的分布或消除，这可能解释了饮酒行为的差异。我们通过腹膜内注射向年龄匹配的雄性和雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠给予0.8 g/kg乙醇。在两个单独的实验中，使用微透析对细胞外脑乙醇进行采样，并通过尾血收集来确定血管乙醇浓度。计算两个隔室的乙醇药代动力学参数。脑乙醇浓度曲线中的药代动力学参数不因性别或发情周期阶段而存在差异。然而，血液乙醇特征存在差异：雌性动物的消除速率比雄性动物快，乙醇浓度-时间曲线下面积比雄性动物小。此外，最大浓度在整个发情周期中变化显著。这些结果表明：（1）循环中的卵巢激素不会影响酒精向大脑的分布，但会影响酒精向更多外周组织（如尾部）的分布;（2）尾部血液酒精水平的明显差异可能并不反映大脑水平的差异。
Female rodents tend to drink more alcohol than males, a difference that emerges at puberty and appears to vary over the female estrous cycle. In addition, male and female rodents display different responses to alcohol; for example, female rats are reported to have faster elimination rates than males. We were interested in whether circulating ovarian hormones influence alcohol distribution to or elimination from the brain of rats, which might explain observed differences in drinking behavior. We administered 0.8 g/kg of ethanol via intraperitoneal injection to age-matched male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Extracellular brain ethanol was sampled using microdialysis, and vascular ethanol concentrations were determined via tail blood collection, in two separate experiments. Ethanol pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for both compartments. There were no differences in pharmacokinetic parameters due to gender or estrous cycle stage in brain ethanol concentration profiles. There were, however, differences in blood ethanol profiles: females showed faster elimination rates and a smaller area under the ethanol concentration versus time curve than males. In addition, the maximum concentration varied significantly across Be estrous cycle. These results suggest that (1) circulating ovarian hormones do not influence alcohol distribution to the brain, but do influence distribution to more peripheral tissues such as the tail; and (2) apparent differences in tail blood alcohol levels may not reflect differences in brain levels.