Acquisition of variable rules: a study of (-t, d) deletion in preschool children
Acquisition of variable rules: a study of (-t, d) deletion in preschool children
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变量规则的习得：学龄前儿童(-t,d)删除的研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Julie A. Roberts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julie A. Roberts
本研究考察了16名3岁和4岁儿童词尾辅音/t/和/d/的缺失模式，以及他们对语音和语法限制的掌握程度，以回答以下问题：这一可变规则是如何以及何时获得的，它的习得与过去时构成的范畴规则的学习有什么关系？在他们位于费城南部的日托中心，对16名儿童进行了录音。此外，为了进行比较，他们中的8名母亲在家中接受了采访。研究结果表明，三岁的儿童在很大程度上掌握了(-t，d)缺失的语音限制。他们符合成年人的模式，包括随后停顿的限制不利于删除，这是唯一被证明随地理方言而变化的模式。孩子们还对单音节和弱式过去时的语法形式做出了一致的、成人式的区分。他们在半弱动词中的高缺失率与成人的模式不同，这表明儿童在分析动词屈折变化的基础上表现出了规则习得。
The present study examined the pattern of deletion of final /t/ and /d/ in word final consonant clusters in sixteen three- and four-year-old children and their degree of mastery of phonological and grammatical constraints to answer the following questions: how and when is this variable rule acquired, and how does its acquisition relate to the learning of the categorical rule of past tense formation? Sixteen children were tape recorded in their South Philadelphia day care centre. In addition, eight of their mothers were interviewed in their homes for purposes of comparison. Results of the study revealed that children as young as three had, for the most part, mastered the phonological constraints on (-t, d) deletion. They matched the adult pattern including the constraint of following pause disfavouring deletion, the only one that has been shown to vary according to geographical dialect. The children also made a consistent and adult-like distinction between the grammatical forms of monomorpheme and weak past tense. Their high rate of deletion in semi-weak verbs, which differs from adult patterns, suggests that the children are demonstrating rule acquisition based on an analysis of verbal inflection.