Combined use of Azolla and loach suppressed paddy weeds and increased organic rice yield: second season results
Combined use of Azolla and loach suppressed paddy weeds and increased organic rice yield: second season results
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满江红和泥鳅结合使用抑制了水稻杂草并提高了有机稻产量：第二季结果
DOI：
10.20527/jwem.v3i1.3
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Yasuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Cheng;Miwa Takei;Chizuru Sato;V. Kautsar;Y. Sasaki;S. Sato;K. Tawaraya;H. Yasuda
有机农业使用合成肥料和农药等农业化学品的替代品。有机水稻种植的主要挑战是在不使用除草剂的情况下控制杂草并在不使用化肥的情况下提高水稻产量。在我们之前题为“红萍和泥鳅联合使用抑制杂草鸭舌草并提高水稻产量而不使用农药”的论文中，我们报告了原位容器实验的第一年水稻生长季节的结果。实验设计了 4 个处理——对照（既没有满江红 a 也没有泥鳅）、满江红（单独的满江红）、泥鳅（单独的泥鳅）和 Az+Lo（满江红和泥鳅组合）——每个处理 3 个重复。第一年的结果表明，2012年红萍和泥鳅的联合使用成功地抑制了杂草并增加了水稻产量。在本文中，我们报告了2013年连续容器试验的第二年结果。在所有处理的第二年水稻生长季节，阴道粘虫的出苗率非常低。与第一年相比，由于天气条件不同以及两个水稻生长季节之间是否施用有机大豆油饼，所有处理的第二年水稻产量均有所下降。第二年结果还表明，饲养泥鳅对增加分蘖数、穗数和每穗小穗数有较强的效果，水稻产量比对照提高2.3倍。第一年留下的满江红残渣对水稻生长和产量的影响较弱，但增加了第二年土壤有机质的积累。为期两年的研究表明，红萍和泥鳅的联合使用可以应对有机水稻生产中的两个最大挑战：有效控制杂草并在不使用农药的情况下改善水稻营养。
Organic farming uses alternatives to agricultural chemicals such as synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The primary challenge in organic rice farming is controlling weeds without using herbicides and improving rice yield without chemical fertilizers. In our previous paper entitled as combined use of Azolla and loach suppressed weed Monochoria vaginalis and increased rice yield without agrochemicals, we reported the first year rice growth season results from an in situ container experiment. The experiment was designed with 4 treatments—control (with neither Azoll a nor loach), Azolla (Azolla alone), loach (loach alone), and Az+Lo (combined Azolla and loach)—with 3 replications each. The first year results showed that combined use of Azolla and loach was successful in weed suppression and increase in rice yield in 2012. In this paper, we report the second year results from the continuous container experiment in 2013. M.vaginalis emergences were very low in second year rice growth season on all treatments. Compared first year, the rice yields decreased in second year on all treatments due to different weather condition and with or without organic soybean oil cake application between two rice growth seasons. The second year results also showed the raising loach had a stronger effect to increase tiller and panicle numbers, and spikelet number per panicle, then improve rice yields to 2.3 times than control. The Azolla residues left from first year have weaker effect on rice growth and yield, but increase soil organic matter accumulation at second year. The two years study indicated that combined use of Azolla and loach can meet two of the greatest challenges in organic rice production: providing effective weed control and improving rice nutrition without agrochemicals.