Alcohol: taking a population perspective
Alcohol: taking a population perspective
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DOI：
10.1038/nrgastro.2016.70
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
65.1
通讯作者：
Gilmore, Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilmore, William;Chikritzhs, Tanya;Gilmore, Ian
酒精消费是一个全球现象，其对健康、社会和经济的危害也是如此。这些危害的性质因不同的饮酒模式以及对危害负担的社会和政治反应而异;然而，与酒精有关的慢性疾病对健康有重大影响。有强有力的证据表明，不同的战略可以有效地将这种损害降到最低，那些针对酒精价格、供应和营销的政策效果最好，而那些利用教育和信息的政策效果则差得多。然而，这些政策可以被描述为反自由意志主义，因此在饮酒者以外的人（如社会中最脆弱的人）受到酒精相关伤害的背景下看待它们是很重要的。当这一战略取得成功时，例如在苏格兰，就有可能通过强有力和有效的立法，例如规定酒类的最低单价。
Alcohol consumption is a global phenomenon, as is the resultant health, social and economic harm. The nature of these harms varies with different drinking patterns and with the societal and political responses to the burden of harm; nevertheless, alcohol-related chronic diseases have a major effect on health. Strong evidence exists for the effectiveness of different strategies to minimize this damage and those policies that target price, availability and marketing of alcohol come out best, whereas those using education and information are much less effective. However, these policies can be portrayed as anti-libertarian and so viewing them in the context of alcohol-related harm to those other than the drinker, such as the most vulnerable in society, is important. When this strategy is successful, as in Scotland, it has been possible to pass strong and effective legislation, such as for a minimum unit price for alcohol.