Suckling, weaning, and the development of oral behaviours in dairy calves
Suckling, weaning, and the development of oral behaviours in dairy calves
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applanim.2013.05.002
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Pomies, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Veissier, Isabelle;Care, Sara;Pomies, Dominique
小牛出生时通常与母畜分开。它们表现出非营养性的口腔活动，如舔或吮吸其他小牛或物体，轻咬或舌头游戏，这些活动与没有吮吸乳头和摄食咀嚼有关。我们假设，通过母畜的存在，可以帮助将小牛的口腔行为集中在营养活动上，从而限制非营养性口腔活动的发展。为了验证这一假设，我们比较了小牛母乳喂养的母亲与小牛从他们的母亲出生时分开，并通过乳头（自动牛奶喂养器）喂养牛奶。在断奶前和10周龄断奶后观察母牛和犊牛的行为，断奶前，哺乳犊牛比人工喂养犊牛活动少。断奶后，哺乳犊牛倾向于花更少的时间在非营养性的口腔活动比非哺乳犊牛。断奶前，哺乳期奶牛和非哺乳期奶牛表现出相似的行为。奶牛和小牛反应断奶：奶牛表现出发声和搅拌，和小牛表现出增加血液皮质醇levels.We的结论，保持奶牛小牛与他们的大坝为1 0周可以是有益的小牛，虽然断奶引起一定程度的压力。(C)2013 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Dairy calves are generally separated from their dam at birth. They express non-nutritive oral activities such as licking or sucking other calves or objects, nibbling, or tongue-playing, which have been related to the absence of sucking a teat and ingestive chewing. We hypothesized that the dam, by its presence, can help focus the oral behaviour of calves towards nutritive activities and thereby limit the development of non-nutritive oral activities. To test this hypothesis, we compared calves suckled by their dam against calves separated from their dam at birth and fed milk through a teat (automatic milk feeder). Cow and calf behaviour was observed before weaning and after weaning at 10 wk of age.Before weaning, the suckled calves were less active than the artificially fed calves. After weaning, suckled calves tended to spend less time on non-nutritive oral activities than non-suckled calves. Before weaning, suckling cows and non-suckling cows showed similar behaviour. Both cows and calves reacted to weaning: cows showed vocalization and agitation, and calves showed increased blood cortisol levels.We conclude that keeping dairy calves with their dam for 1 0 wk can be beneficial to calves, although weaning induces a degree of stress. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.