Eye development in southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis, embryos and hatchlings
Eye development in southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis, embryos and hatchlings
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DOI：
10.1007/s00227-009-1177-2
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Villanueva, Roger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bozzano, Anna;Pankhurst, Patricia M.;Villanueva, Roger
研究了南菖蒲（Sepioteuthis australis）胚胎和幼体的眼发育、光学特性和光力学反应。本种产于澳大利亚和新西兰的浅海水域，于2004年10月和12月在塔斯马尼亚的大牡蛎湾收集卵块。在最早的发育阶段，鱿鱼的眼睛由半球形杯状未分化的神经视网膜组成，而假定的虹膜细胞层和晶状体前体细胞包围了后眼室。近端突和远端突的分化与角膜发育和晶状体结晶相一致，发生在神经视网膜分化之前，而神经视网膜在孵化前就完成了分化。较长的光感受器远端突起在背后视网膜孵化前首次被观察到。孵化后，这种差异更加明显，在中央视网膜发现更高的光感受器密度。这表明在这个年龄的南方南方蛇的眼睛使用不同的视网膜区域来完成不同的视觉任务。光学灵敏度和分辨率表明，南棘幼鱼是昼夜活动的。本研究还发现南棘胚胎的视觉筛选色素迁移和瞳孔收缩的功能性光力学反应，尽管这一阶段瞳孔的完整功能尚不确定。然而，在明亮的条件下，2天大的鱿鱼瞳孔几乎完全闭合，这表明幼鱿鱼的光力学反应高度发达。这些发现表明，鱿鱼胚胎能够感知视觉刺激，这表明在孵化后早期依赖视觉生存。
Eye development, optical properties and photomechanical responses were examined in embryos and hatchlings of the southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis. This species occurs in shallow coastal waters in Australia and New Zealand, and the egg masses were collected in October and December 2004 from Great Oyster Bay, Tasmania. At the earliest developmental stage the eye of the squid was comprised of a hemispherical cup of undifferentiated neural retina, while presumptive iris cell layers and lentigenic precursor cells enclosed a posterior eye chamber. Differentiation of the proximal and distal processes was observed in correspondence with the cornea development and lens crystallization, and occurred before differentiation of the neural retina, which was complete prior to hatching. Longer photoreceptor distal processes were first observed just prior to hatching in the dorsal-posterior retina. After hatching, this difference was much more evident and higher photoreceptor density was found in the central retina. This indicates that the eye of S. australis at this age uses different retina areas for different visual tasks. Optical sensitivity and resolution suggest that juvenile S. australis are diurnal. This study also found functional photomechanical responses of visual screening pigment migration and pupil constriction in S. australis embryos, although complete functionality of the pupil at this stage was uncertain. However, the pupils of squid aged 2 days closed almost completely under bright conditions, showing that photomechanical responses were highly developed in the juvenile squid. These findings indicate that squid embryos are able to perceive visual stimulation, suggesting an early reliance on vision for survival after hatching.