Key labeling technologies to tackle sizeable problems in RNA structural biology.

Key labeling technologies to tackle sizeable problems in RNA structural biology.
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解决 RNA 结构生物学中重大问题的关键标记技术。

DOI:
10.3390/ijms9071214
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发表时间:
2008-06
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Dayie KT
Dayie KT
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dayie KT

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采用复杂的三维(3D)结构,可以在多种功能状态(折叠和动力学)之间快速相互转换的能力对于RNA的正常功能至关重要。因此,RNA的结构和动力学必然决定其生物学功能。在后基因组时代,很明显,与蛋白质(≤2%)相比,RNA占转录基因组的比例更大(>50%)。然而,RNA的3D结构的确定大大落后于蛋白质的3D结构,并且迄今为止,与蛋白质相比,RNA中的动力学研究甚至更少。将各种结构和动态探针位点特异性地掺入核酸中可能会改变RNA结构生物学。因此,各种方法引入探针的结构,功能和生物技术的应用在这里进行了严格的评估。这些探针包括稳定同位素,如2H、13C、15N和19F。采用改进的RNA连接策略将这些探针结合起来,有望改变超大分子结构生物学的景观,这些超大分子结构生物学是通过核磁共振(NMR)光谱、X射线晶体学和拉曼光谱等生物物理工具来探测的。最后,一些结构和动态的问题,可以使用这些技术的进步来解决的概述。
The ability to adopt complex three-dimensional (3D) structures that can rapidly interconvert between multiple functional states (folding and dynamics) is vital for the proper functioning of RNAs. Consequently, RNA structure and dynamics necessarily determine their biological function. In the post-genomic era, it is clear that RNAs comprise a larger proportion (>50%) of the transcribed genome compared to proteins (≤2%). Yet the determination of the 3D structures of RNAs lags considerably behind those of proteins and to date there are even fewer investigations of dynamics in RNAs compared to proteins. Site specific incorporation of various structural and dynamic probes into nucleic acids would likely transform RNA structural biology. Therefore, various methods for introducing probes for structural, functional, and biotechnological applications are critically assessed here. These probes include stable isotopes such as 2H, 13C, 15N, and 19F. Incorporation of these probes using improved RNA ligation strategies promises to change the landscape of structural biology of supramacromolecules probed by biophysical tools such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, some of the structural and dynamic problems that can be addressed using these technological advances are outlined.
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