Upper body kinematic differences between maximum front crawl and backstroke swimming
Upper body kinematic differences between maximum front crawl and backstroke swimming
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109452
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发表时间：
2020-01-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Sanders, Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonjo, Tomohiro;Fernandes, Ricardo J.;Sanders, Ross
这项研究的目的是从运动学的角度来研究为什么爬泳比仰泳快。从10名男子竞技游泳运动员在最大速度下进行50米自由泳和仰泳试验的一次上肢循环中获得三维运动学。游泳运动员在自由泳中获得的质心速度比仰泳更快（1.70 +/- 0.04 vs 1.54 +/- 0.06 m.s）；P < 0.01)，泳长差异无统计学意义（2.00 +/- 0.25 vs 2.07 +/- 0.17 m.cycle(-1)），而泳前爬泳的泳频高于仰泳(51.67 +/- 6.38 vs 44.81 +/- 4.68 cycles.min(-1)；P < 0.01)。前爬泳的最大侧肩角大于仰泳（52.88 +/- 4.89度vs 49.73 +/- 5.73度，p < 0.05），前爬泳的最大侧臀角小于仰泳（33.79 +/- 6.07度vs 39.83 +/- 7.25度，p < 0.05）。自由泳的绝对释放期（从最后一个向后动作到从手腕出水）和恢复期的相对持续时间均短于仰泳（分别为0.07 +/- 0.03 vs 0.26 +/- 0.08 s, p < 0.01; 28.69 +/- 2.50 vs 33.21 +/- 1.43%, p < 0.01）。总之，爬泳比仰泳更快，因为它的冲程频率更高，而且绝对释放阶段和相对恢复阶段持续时间更短。(C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The purpose of this study was to investigate why front crawl is faster than backstroke from a kinematic perspective. Three-dimensional kinematics were obtained from one upper-limb cycle of ten male competitive swimmers performing 50 m front crawl and backstroke trials at maximum speed. Swimmers achieved faster centre of mass velocity in front crawl than backstroke (1.70 +/- 0.04 vs 1.54 +/- 0.06 m.s(-1); p < 0.01) with no difference in stroke length (2.00 +/- 0.25 vs 2.07 +/- 0.17 m.cycle(-1)), while stroke frequency in front crawl was higher than that in backstroke (51.67 +/- 6.38 vs 44.81 +/- 4.68 cycles.min(-1); p < 0.01). Maximum shoulder roll angle in front crawl was larger than that in backstroke (52.88 +/- 4.89 vs 49.73 +/- 5.73 degrees; p < 0.05), while swimmers had smaller maximum hip roll in front crawl than backstroke (33.79 +/- 6.07 vs 39.83 +/- 7.25 degrees; p < 0.05). Absolute duration of the release phase (from the last backward movement to the exit from the water of the wrist) and relative duration of the recovery phase were shorter in front crawl than backstroke (0.07 +/- 0.03 vs 0.26 +/- 0.08 s; p < 0.01, and 28.69 +/- 2.50 vs 33.21 +/- 1.43%; p < 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, front crawl is faster than backstroke because of its higher stroke frequency due to the shorter absolute release phase and relative recovery phase durations. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.