Ultrahigh-resolution ophthalmic optical coherence tomography
Ultrahigh-resolution ophthalmic optical coherence tomography
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DOI：
10.1038/86589
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
Fujimoto, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Drexler, W;Morgner, U;Fujimoto, JG
视网膜神经纤维层（NFL）在图1中被清楚地区分，并且其厚度朝向视神经盘的变化（在视神经盘处，神经节细胞轴突穿透巩膜）可以被消除26。NFL的增厚与从中央凹到视神经盘的神经节细胞层的减少相一致27。NFL的厚度以及黄斑神经节细胞层可能是早期青光眼变化的重要指标28。视盘内和周围的脉络膜血管系统也可以解决。图2显示了正常人黄斑的体内横截面超高分辨率OCT图像与教科书组织学显微照片26的比较。这些结果表明，超高分辨率眼科OCT能够实现视网膜结构形态的体内可视化。视网膜通常分为十个不同的层，包括四个细胞层和两个神经元互连层26，27，29。其中几个层可以通过超高分辨率眼科OCT来分辨（图2）。由神经纤维或丛状层组成的层是光学反向散射的，而核层是弱反向散射的。内界膜（ILM）以前只能用电子显微镜观察到，而OCT无法分辨。倾斜运行的感光轴突有时被认为是外丛状层（OPL）中的一个单独层，称为Henle纤维层，并且具有高度的反向散射26。注意，可以看到光感受器的内段和外段之间的连接（IS/OS PR）。这种结构不是物理膜，而是Müller细胞和感光细胞之间连接复合物的排列。含有黑色素的视网膜色素上皮（RPE）是非常强的后向散射层31。布鲁赫膜仅1-4微米厚，无法观察到32。脉络膜毛细血管是血管性的，并且具有强烈的后向散射。
The retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) is clearly differentiated in Fig. 1, and the variation of its thickness towards the optic disc, where the ganglion cell axons penetrate the sclera, can be observed26. The thickening of the NFL coincides with a decrease in the ganglion cell layer from the fovea to the optic disc27. The thickness of the NFL, as well as the macular ganglion cell layer, may be an important indictor for early glaucomatous changes28. Choroidal vasculature in and around the optic disc can also be resolved. A comparison of an in vivo cross-sectional, ultrahigh-resolution OCT image of a normal human macula, compared to a textbook histological micrograph26, is shown in Fig. 2. These results demonstrate that ultrahigh-resolution ophthalmic OCT enables in vivo visualization of retinal architectural morphology. The retina is usually divided into ten distinct layers, including four cell layers and two layers of neuronal interconnections26, 27, 29. Several of these layers can be resolved by ultrahigh-resolution ophthalmic OCT (Fig. 2). Layers that consist of nerve fibers or plexiform layers are optically backscattering, whereas nuclear layers are weakly backscattering. The internal limiting membrane (ILM) has previously only been visible with electron microscopy and is not resolved with OCT. The obliquely running photoreceptor axons are sometimes considered as a separate layer in the outer plexiform layer (OPL), known asHenle’s fiber layer, and is highly backscattering26. Note that the junction between the inner and outer segment of the photoreceptors (IS/OS PR) could be visualized. This structure is not a physical membrane, but an alignment of junctional complexes between Müller cells and photoreceptor cells30. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which contains melanin, is a very strongly backscattering layer31. Bruch’s membrane, which is only 1–4-µm thick, could not be visualized32. The choriocapillaris is vascular and strongly backscattering.