Analysis of Ficus hirta Fig Endosymbionts Diversity and Species Composition
Analysis of Ficus hirta Fig Endosymbionts Diversity and Species Composition
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无花果内共生体多样性及物种组成分析
DOI：
10.3390/d13120636
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yu，Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu，Yifeng;Fan，Songle;Yu，Hui
生活在植物和昆虫中的内共生体是普遍存在的。榕属（桑科）具有非常特殊的花序（我们也称之为无花果），像瓮一样封闭，这种花序通常被无花果小蜂寄生。榕小蜂幼虫在榕果内繁殖，成蜂为榕小蜂授粉，榕小蜂与其义务传粉者形成榕小蜂互惠共生关系。先前的研究发现，无花果中的这种封闭环境可能为无花果小蜂提供了保护，并且在无花果和无花果小蜂的共同进化历史中，这在无花果小蜂的基因组上留下了一些印记。对无花果中细菌和真菌多样性的研究较少。本研究探讨了毛榕内共生菌的多样性。利用高通量测序和生物数据库对无花果中的特定微生物进行鉴定，并进行微生物群落多样性分析和功能注释分析。结果表明，无花果中的优势内共生菌主要是昆虫体内的寄生细菌和真菌、植物病原菌、内生菌和腐生性微生物。结果表明，在毛榕中细菌的多样性高于真菌，且雌榕和功能雄榕中的细菌群落存在差异。这些发现为深入研究内共生体、榕果和榕小蜂之间的协同进化和相互作用提供了新的思路。
Endosymbionts living in plants and insects are pervasive. Ficus (Moraceae) has very special inflorescences (which we also call figs) enclosed like an urn, and such inflorescence is usually parasitized by fig wasps. Ficus breeds fig wasp larvae in its figs and adult fig wasps pollinate for Ficus, Ficus and its obligated pollinator formed fig-fig wasp mutualism. Previous studies have found that this confined environment in figs may have provided protection for fig wasps and that this has left some imprints on the genome of fig wasps during the coevolution history of figs and fig wasps. Research on the diversity of both bacteria and fungi in figs are fewer. Our study explored the diversity of endosymbionts in Ficus hirta figs. We utilized high-throughput sequencing and biological database to identify the specific microorganism in figs, then conducted microorganism communities’ diversity analysis and function annotation analysis. As a result, we identified the dominant endosymbionts in figs, mainly some insect internal parasitic bacteria and fungi, plant pathogen, endophytes, and saprotroph. Then we also found bacteria in Ficus hirta figs were more diversified than fungi, and bacteria communities in female figs and functional male figs were different. These findings may give us more insight into the coevolution and interaction among endosymbiont, fig, and fig wasp.