Meiosis I Kinase Regulators: Conserved Orchestrators of Reductional Chromosome Segregation
Meiosis I Kinase Regulators: Conserved Orchestrators of Reductional Chromosome Segregation
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.202000018
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发表时间：
2020-08-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Marston, Adele L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galander, Stefan;Marston, Adele L.
过去二十年的研究已经确定了一组减数分裂特异蛋白，包括芽酵母Spo13、分裂酵母Moa1、小鼠MEIKIN和果蝇Mtrm，它们在减数分裂染色体分离中具有重要功能。这些蛋白质，我们称为减数分裂I激酶调节器(MOKIR)，介导了两个主要的减数分裂细胞周期适应，以允许从二倍体母细胞产生单倍体配子。首先，它们通过确保姐妹着丝点朝向同一极(单向性)，促进了减数分裂I(减数分裂)中同源染色体的分离。其次，它们通过抵消着丝粒周围粘附素的过早去除，保障了减数分裂II(平分)中姐妹染色单体的及时分离，从而防止了非整倍体配子的形成。尽管MOKIR没有明显的序列相似性，但它们似乎在调节减数分裂激酶方面发挥了功能保守的作用。在这里，我们回顾了MOKIR的已知功能，并讨论了它们可能的作用机制。
Research over the last two decades has identified a group of meiosis-specific proteins, consisting of budding yeast Spo13, fission yeast Moa1, mouse MEIKIN, andDrosophilaMtrm, with essential functions in meiotic chromosome segregation. These proteins, which we call meiosis I kinase regulators (MOKIRs), mediate two major adaptations to the meiotic cell cycle to allow the generation of haploid gametes from diploid mother cells. Firstly, they promote the segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I (reductional division) by ensuring that sister kinetochores face towards the same pole (mono-orientation). Secondly, they safeguard the timely separation of sister chromatids in meiosis II (equational division) by counteracting the premature removal of pericentromeric cohesin, and thus prevent the formation of aneuploid gametes. Although MOKIRs bear no obvious sequence similarity, they appear to play functionally conserved roles in regulating meiotic kinases. Here, the known functions of MOKIRs are reviewed and their possible mechanisms of action are discussed.