Use of insecticide treated nets by pregnant women and associated factors in a pre-dominantly rural population in northern Ethiopia
Use of insecticide treated nets by pregnant women and associated factors in a pre-dominantly rural population in northern Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02159.x
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Deressa, Wakgari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belay, Mebrahtom;Deressa, Wakgari
目的了解孕妇使用驱虫蚊帐的情况，分析影响其使用的相关因素。方法2006年5~6月，采用两阶段整群设计，对埃塞俄比亚北部8个疟疾地区的815名孕妇进行横断面调查。通过访谈和观察，了解了疟疾的知识、病因和预防措施；寻求治疗的行为；孕妇和五岁以下儿童拥有和使用ITNS。结果调查对象对疟疾的病因、传播和预防措施的知晓率较高，90.2%的妇女认为疟疾与蚊虫叮咬有关，94.2%的妇女认为蚊虫叮咬与疟疾有关，94.2%的妇女与水塘附近生活有关。10%的人在调查前14天内报告患有疟疾，并主要向公共卫生机构(56.5%)和社区卫生工作者(37.6%)寻求治疗。在接受调查的815户家庭中，59%的家庭至少拥有一种非长期或长期的ITN(59.5%的农村家庭和54.5%的城市家庭；P=0.401)。无法获得蚊帐(68.3%)和认为蚊帐不能预防疟疾(27%)是不拥有蚊帐的主要原因。来自拥有至少一个ITN的家庭的481名孕妇中，共有58.4%的人在前一晚睡在了它的下面。农村妇女使用ITNS的比例(56.7%)低于城市妇女(76.2%)(P=0.001)。在至少有一个ITN的家庭中，57.6%的五岁以下儿童在前一天晚上使用过它。受教育程度高是ITNS使用的重要预测因素(OR=3.1，95%CI=2.1，4.6)。结论随着ITNS实施规模的扩大，家庭拥有ITNS和孕妇使用ITNS的前景看好，但拥有和使用之间的差距仍然很大。应通过宣传运动确保孕妇一致和适当地使用蚊帐。要迅速扩大获得长效ITN的机会，就需要政府和非政府组织提供足够数量的ITN。
Objective To describe the use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) among pregnant women and examine factors associated with its access and use.Methods Community-based cross-sectional study of 815 pregnant women in eight malarious kebeles in northern Ethiopia based on two-stage cluster design from May to June 2006. Knowledge on malaria, its cause and preventive measures; treatment seeking behaviour; possession and use of ITNs by pregnant women and under-five children were ascertained through interview and observation. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with ITNs use.Results Knowledge about the cause, transmission and preventive measures of malaria was relatively good; 90.2% of women associated malaria with mosquito bites and 94.2% with living near water ponds. Ten per cent reported malaria illness within the 14 days before the survey, and sought treatment mainly from public health facilities (56.5%) and community health workers (37.6%). Of 815 households surveyed, 59% owned at least one non-long lasting or long-lasting ITN (59.5% rural vs. 54.5% urban; P = 0.401). Lack of access to ITNs (68.3%) and the perception that nets could not prevent malaria (27%) were the main reasons for non-ownership of nets. A total of 58.4% of 481 pregnant women from households owning at least one ITN had slept under it during the previous night. Fewer rural (56.7%) than urban women (76.2%) used ITNs (P = 0.001). In 57.6% of households with at least one ITN, under-five children had used it the night before. Higher educational attainment was an important predictor of ITNs use (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.1, 4.6).Conclusions Household ownership of ITNs and their use by pregnant women is promising with the current efforts to scale-up ITNs implementation, but the gap between ownership and use remains high. Consistent and proper use of nets by pregnant women should be ensured through information campaigns. Rapid expansion of access to long lasting ITNs requires that government and NGOs supply them in adequate numbers.