Statistical prediction of the future impairs episodic encoding of the present
Statistical prediction of the future impairs episodic encoding of the present
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2013291117
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发表时间：
2020-09-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Turk-Browne, Nicholas B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sherman, Brynn E.;Turk-Browne, Nicholas B.
记忆通常被认为是对过去经历的回忆。然而，记忆也告知和指导未来经验的处理。记忆的这两个功能往往是不一致的：记住过去的特定经历需要存储定义空间和时间中特定时刻的特殊属性，但根据定义，这些属性不会与未来的类似情况共享，因此可能不适用于未来的情况。我们发现，当面对这种冲突时，大脑优先考虑预测而不是编码。识别和源回忆的行为测试表明，允许基于学习的记忆预测接下来会出现什么的项目不太可能被编码到记忆中。大脑成像显示海马体负责统计学习和情景记忆之间的干扰。海马体对即将到来的项目的类别预测越多，当前项目的编码就越差。这种竞争可能具有适应性，将编码集中在我们还没有预测模型的体验上。
Memory is typically thought of as enabling reminiscence about past experiences. However, memory also informs and guides processing of future experiences. These two functions of memory are often at odds: Remembering specific experiences from the past requires storing idiosyncratic properties that define particular moments in space and time, but by definition such properties will not be shared with similar situations in the future and thus may not be applicable to future situations. We discovered that, when faced with this conflict, the brain prioritizes prediction over encoding. Behavioral tests of recognition and source recall showed that items allowing for prediction of what will appear next based on learned regularities were less likely to be encoded into memory. Brain imaging revealed that the hippocampus was responsible for this interference between statistical learning and episodic memory. The more that the hippocampus predicted the category of an upcoming item, the worse the current item was encoded. This competition may serve an adaptive purpose, focusing encoding on experiences for which we do not yet have a predictive model.