How Law Made Silicon Valley
How Law Made Silicon Valley
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法律如何创造硅谷
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anupam Chander
中科院分区：
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作者：
Anupam Chander
对硅谷成功的解释主要集中在资本和教育的融合上。在这篇文章中，我提出了一个新的解释，这个解释更好地解释了硅谷作为全球贸易商的崛起。正如19世纪美国法官修改普通法以补贴工业发展一样，美国法官和立法者在世纪之交修改法律以促进互联网企业的发展。相比之下，欧洲和亚洲实行严格的中介责任制度、僵化的知识产权规则和严格的隐私限制，阻碍了当地互联网企业家的发展。这项研究挑战了传统观念，即强大的知识产权是创新的基础。虽然美国法律支持这种新媒介带来的商业和言论，但欧洲和亚洲的司法管辖区更多地关注知识产权持有人的风险，以及在较小程度上对普通个人的风险。可能在美国受到欢迎的创新，可能会在日本招致牢狱之灾。我展示了美国公司如何利用其自由的本土基础，成为网络空间的全球领导者。寻求培育自己的硅谷的国家不仅必须关注资金和教育，还必须关注一部鼓励创新的法律。
Explanations for the success of Silicon Valley focus on the confluence of capital and education. In this article, I put forward a new explanation, one that better elucidates the rise of Silicon Valley as a global trader. Just as nineteenth century American judges altered the common law in order to subsidize industrial development, American judges and legislators altered the law at the turn of the Millennium to promote the development of Internet enterprise. Europe and Asia, by contrast, imposed strict intermediary liability regimes, inflexible intellectual property rules, and strong privacy constraints, impeding local Internet entrepreneurs. The study challenges the conventional wisdom that holds that strong intellectual property rights undergird innovation. While American law favored both commerce and speech enabled by this new medium, European and Asian jurisdictions attended more to the risks to intellectual property rights-holders and, to a lesser extent, ordinary individuals. Innovations that might be celebrated in the United States could lead to jail in Japan. I show how American companies leveraged their liberal home base to become global leaders in cyberspace. Nations seeking to incubate their own Silicon Valley must focus not only on money and education, but also a law that embraces innovation.