Spectral integration and bandwidth effects on speech recognition in school-aged children and adults.
Spectral integration and bandwidth effects on speech recognition in school-aged children and adults.
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DOI：
10.1097/aud.0b013e3181ba746b
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发表时间：
2010-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hall JW 3rd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mlot S;Buss E;Hall JW 3rd
以前的研究表明，成年人的听众比儿童听众更善于识别频谱退化的语音。然而，联合收割机组合来自不同频率区域的语音信息的能力的发展以前很少受到关注。本研究的目的是确定年龄对带宽的影响，以达到一个相对较低的标准水平的语音识别两个频带，然后确定语音识别的改善，导致两个语音频带同时存在。本研究中的听众包括听力正常的儿童（6-14岁，n=18）和成人（n=11）。在测试的第一阶段，句子在500或2500 Hz附近被带通滤波，并且该滤波器的带宽自适应地变化以确定大约15-25%正确语音识别所需的宽度。在第二阶段的测试中，这些标准的带宽是在固定块试验与一个频带或两个频带，并确定正确的性能百分比。结果表明，年龄是负相关的带宽需要实现一个相对较低的标准水平的语音识别的语音频段为中心的500赫兹或2500赫兹。然而，成人和儿童在两个波段同时出现时表现出类似的大幅度改善。虽然年幼的孩子需要更多的带宽来正确识别围绕单个频率过滤的语音，但他们似乎相对擅长整合频率分布信息来识别复合刺激。
Previous studies have shown that adult listeners are more adept than child listeners at identifying spectrally-degraded speech. However, the development of the ability to combine speech information from different frequency regions has received little previous attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of age on the bandwidth necessary to achieve a relatively low criterion level of speech recognition for two frequency bands, then to determine the improvement in speech recognition that resulted when both speech bands were present simultaneously. Listeners in the present study included normal-hearing children (6–14 years old, n=18) and adults (n=11). In the first stage of testing, sentences were bandpass-filtered around either 500 or 2500 Hz, and the bandwidth of that filter was varied adaptively to determine the width required for approximately 15–25% correct speech recognition. In the second stage of testing, these criterion bandwidths were presented in fixed block trials with either one band or both bands, and percent correct performance was determined. Results suggest that age is inversely associated with the bandwidth required to achieve a relatively low criterion level of speech recognition for speech bands centered at either 500 Hz or 2500 Hz. However, both adults and children show a similar, large improvement in performance when both bands are presented simultaneously. Although younger children require more bandwidth to correctly recognize speech filtered around a single frequency, they appear to be relatively adept at integrating frequency-distributed information to recognize a composite stimulus.