Potentiality of embryonic stem cells: an ethical problem even with alternative stem cell sources
Potentiality of embryonic stem cells: an ethical problem even with alternative stem cell sources
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DOI：
10.1136/jme.2005.014738
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Denker, H-W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denker, H-W
最近关于人类胚胎干细胞替代来源的讨论(美国总统生物伦理委员会白皮书，2005)，在激起人们对各种异常胚胎或构造的发展潜力的新兴趣的同时，也对衍生胚胎干细胞的潜力提出了质疑。关于胚胎干细胞发展潜力的数据似乎与伦理考量和可专利性方面有关，本文将对此进行讨论。特别注意“全能、全能和多能性”的含义，通过对卵裂球(桑囊)、胚胎干细胞、体细胞或(成体)干细胞或其他体细胞(非干细胞)三维簇的发育潜力的比较来说明这一点。本文重点介绍了拟胚体和四倍体互补直接克隆技术。只要不排除特定细胞系的胚胎干细胞的全能性和四倍体互补性，就不能认为这些细胞的使用和专利在伦理上是合理的。测试这一点本身就构成了一个伦理问题，需要在未来进行讨论。
The recent discussions about alternative sources of human embryonic stem cells ( White Paper of the US President's Council on Bioethics, 2005), while stirring new interest in the developmental potential of the various abnormal embryos or constructs proposed as such sources, also raise questions about the potential of the derived embryonic stem cells. The data on the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells that seem relevant for ethical considerations and aspects of patentability are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the meaning of "totipotency, omnipotency and pluripotency" as illustrated by a comparison of the developmental potential of three-dimensional clusters of blastomeres ( morula), embryonic stem cells, somatic or ( adult) stem cells or other somatic ( non-stem) cells. This paper focuses on embryoid bodies and on direct cloning by tetraploid complementation. Usage and patenting of these cells cannot be considered to be ethically sound as long as totipotency and tetraploid complementability of embryonic stem cells are not excluded for the specific cell line in question. Testing this poses an ethical problem in itself and needs to be discussed in the future.