Cooking Coal Use and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Prospective Cohort Study of Women in Shanghai, China.
Cooking Coal Use and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Prospective Cohort Study of Women in Shanghai, China.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp236
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Lan Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim C;Seow WJ;Shu XO;Bassig BA;Rothman N;Chen BE;Xiang YB;Hosgood HD;Ji BT;Hu W;Wen C;Chow WH;Cai Q;Yang G;Gao YT;Zheng W;Lan Q
2012年，全球近430万人死于家庭空气污染。然而，家庭用煤仍然很普遍。我们在中国上海一个主要从不吸烟的女性前瞻性队列中调查了燃煤与全因死亡率和特定原因死亡率的关系。从1996年到2009年，对74，941名女性进行了跟踪调查，并每年与上海生命统计数据库联系起来。2009年确定了具体死因死亡率。通过居民历史调查问卷评估家庭用煤做饭的情况。考克斯比例风险模型估计了与家庭煤炭使用相关的死亡风险。在这一队列中，63%的妇女曾经使用过煤炭（n = 46，287）。与从不使用煤炭相比，曾经使用煤炭与全因死亡率相关[风险比（HR）= 1.12; 95%置信区间（CI）：1.05，1.21]，癌症（HR = 1.14; 95% CI：1.03，1.27）和缺血性心脏病（总体HR = 1.61; 95% CI：1.14，2.27;心肌梗死的HR具体= 1.80; 95% CI：1.16，2.79）。与从不使用煤炭的人相比，心血管死亡的风险随着煤炭使用时间的增加而增加。煤炭使用和缺血性心脏病死亡率之间的关联随着停止使用煤炭的年限的增加而减少。这项研究的证据表明，上海妇女过去使用煤炭与高全因死亡率有关，特别是心血管疾病。随着自上次使用煤炭以来的时间的增加，与心血管死亡率的相关性降低，这强调了减少家庭煤炭使用的重要性，因为家庭煤炭的使用仍然很普遍。Kim C，Seow WJ，Shu XO，Bassig BA，Rothman N，Chen BE，Xiang YB，Hosgood HD III，Ji BT，Hu W，Wen C，Chow WH，Cai Q，Yang G，Gao YT，Zheng W，Lan Q. 2016.中国上海市一项女性前瞻性队列研究中的燃煤使用与全因和特定原因死亡率环境健康展望124：1384-1389; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP236
Nearly 4.3 million deaths worldwide were attributable to exposure to household air pollution in 2012. However, household coal use remains widespread. We investigated the association of cooking coal and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort of primarily never-smoking women in Shanghai, China. A cohort of 74,941 women were followed from 1996 through 2009 with annual linkage to the Shanghai vital statistics database. Cause-specific mortality was identified through 2009. Use of household coal for cooking was assessed through a residential history questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the risk of mortality associated with household coal use. In this cohort, 63% of the women ever used coal (n = 46,287). Compared with never coal use, ever use of coal was associated with mortality from all causes [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 1.21], cancer (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.27), and ischemic heart disease (overall HR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.27; HR for myocardial infarction specifically = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.79). The risk of cardiovascular mortality increased with increasing duration of coal use, compared with the risk in never users. The association between coal use and ischemic heart disease mortality diminished with increasing years since cessation of coal use. Evidence from this study suggests that past use of coal among women in Shanghai is associated with excess all-cause mortality, and from cardiovascular diseases in particular. The decreasing association with cardiovascular mortality as the time since last use of coal increased emphasizes the importance of reducing use of household coal where use is still widespread. Kim C, Seow WJ, Shu XO, Bassig BA, Rothman N, Chen BE, Xiang YB, Hosgood HD III, Ji BT, Hu W, Wen C, Chow WH, Cai Q, Yang G, Gao YT, Zheng W, Lan Q. 2016. Cooking coal use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort study of women in Shanghai, China. Environ Health Perspect 124:1384–1389; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP236