Increased use of marijuana and other illicit drugs at US colleges in the 1990s: results of three national surveys
Increased use of marijuana and other illicit drugs at US colleges in the 1990s: results of three national surveys
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.2000.951116556.x
复制
发表时间：
2000-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Wechsler, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gledhill-Hoyt, J;Lee, H;Wechsler, H
目标。研究1999年不同类型的学生和大学使用大麻和其他非法药物的比率和模式，以及自1993年以来使用的变化。设计自我管理的邮件调查（哈佛公共卫生学院酒精研究）。设置. 119所具有全国代表性的美国四年制大学。参与者1993年、1997年和1999年分别有15 403名、14 724名和14 138名学生被随机抽样。测量.在过去30天和过去一年中使用大麻和其他非法药物的自我报告，吸烟，饮酒行为以及开始吸烟，饮酒和使用大麻的年龄。调查结果。在1993年至1999年期间，过去30天使用大麻的流行率从12.9%上升到15.7%，增加了22%。几乎所有这些变化都发生在1997年。在119所学院中，66%的学院的入学率有所上升。30天和每年大麻使用的流行率在几乎所有的学生人口统计学亚组中增加，除了西班牙裔学生，以及在所有类型的大学中，除了酗酒率低的大学。在过去30天内，其他非法药物的非法药物使用率在4年期间略有增加，但迷幻剂除外。在过去30天内使用大麻的10名学生中有9名（91%）使用其他非法药物，吸烟和/或酗酒。在过去30天内使用任何其他非法药物的学生中，87%使用其他物质或酗酒。在过去30天的大麻使用者中，有29%的人第一次使用大麻，34%的人在18岁或18岁以后开始经常使用大麻，当时大多数人都在上大学。结论.大麻和其他非法药物的使用在美国大多数学生群体和所有类型的大学校园中都有所增加。这可能会重新？在这一年龄组中，初中和高中的受教育比例较早增加。然而，近三分之一的学生在大学开始使用大麻，三分之一的学生开始经常使用大麻。干预工作应针对大学生和中学生。
Aims. To examine rates and patterns of marijuana and other illicit drug use among different types of students and colleges in 1999, and changes in use since 1993. Design. Self-administered mail survey (Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study). Setting. One hundred and nineteen nationally representative US 4-year colleges. Participants. A representative sample of 15 403 randomly selected students in 1993, 14 724 students in 1997 and 14 138 students in 1999. Measurements. Self-reports of marijuana and other illicit drug use in the past 30 days and in the past year, cigarette use, drinking behavior, and age of initiation of smoking, drinking and using marijuana. Findings. The prevalence of past 30-day marijuana use rose from 12.9% to 15.7% between 1993 and 1999, an increase of 22%. Almost all of this change occurred by 1997. An increase was observed at 66% of the 119 colleges. The prevalence of 30-day and annual marijuana use increased in nearly all student demographic subgroups except for Hispanic students, and at all types of colleges except for colleges with low binge drinking rates. Rates of illicit drug use in the past 30 days increased slightly for other illicit drugs in the 4-year interval except for LSD. Nine out of 10 students (91%) who used marijuana in the past 30 days used other illicit drugs, smoked cigarettes and/or engaged in binge drinking. Of students who used any other illicit drug in the past 30 days, 87% used another substance or binge drank. Twenty nine per cent of past 30-day marijuana users first used marijuana and 34% began to use marijuana regularly at or after the age of 18, when most were in college. Conclusions. Use of marijuana and other illicit drugs has increased on campuses across the United States in most student subgroups and all types of colleges. This may re? ect earlier increases in middle schools and secondary schools among this cohort. However, nearly one-third of students initiated marijuana use in college and one of three began to use it regularly. Intervention efforts should be directed at college students, as well as secondary school students.