Infant imitation and memory: nine-month-olds in immediate and deferred tests.
Infant imitation and memory: nine-month-olds in immediate and deferred tests.
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婴儿模仿和记忆：九个月大的婴儿进行即时和延迟测试。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1988.tb03210.x
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Meltzoff,AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meltzoff,AN
对9个月大婴儿用新奇物体模仿简单动作的能力进行了研究。对即时模仿和延迟模仿都进行了测试，后者通过在刺激呈现和反应阶段之间插入24小时的延迟来测试。这一结果为即时模仿和延迟模仿提供了证据；此外，模仿反应并没有受到24小时延迟的显著抑制。研究结果表明，在1岁以下儿童存在一定的推迟模仿某些行为的潜在能力，因此这种能力并不像通常预测的那样在18-24个月时呈阶段性的阶梯式发展。这些发现还表明，在婴儿期早期的模仿可以跨越足够长的延迟，从而在社会发展中具有潜在的服务；某一天观察到的对新奇物体的动作可以由儿童存储，并在第二天重复。延迟模仿的研究为研究言语前儿童回忆记忆的性质和发展提供了一种尚未开发的方法。
The ability of 9-month-old infants to imitate simple actions with novel objects was investigated. Both immediate and deferred imitation were tested, the latter by interposing a 24-hour delay between the stimulus-presentation and response periods. The results provide evidence for both immediate and deferred imitation; moreover, imitative responding was not significantly dampened by the 24-hour delay. The findings demonstrate that there exists some underlying capacity for deferring imitation of certain acts well under 1 year of age, and thus that this ability does not develop in a stagelike step function at about 18–24 months as commonly predicted. These findings also show that imitation in early infancy can span wide enough delays to be of potential service in social development; actions on novel objects that are observed one day can be stored by the child and repeated the next day. The study of deferred imitation provides a largely untapped method for investigating the nature and development of recall memory in the preverbal child.