Work stress, poor recovery and burnout in teachers
Work stress, poor recovery and burnout in teachers
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DOI：
10.1093/occmed/kqw086
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Hintsa, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gluschkoff, K.;Elovainio, M.;Hintsa, T.
研究表明，工作压力和恢复能力差都会导致职业倦怠。然而，在研究中，恢复作为一种将工作压力与倦怠联系起来的中介机制的作用还没有得到充分的解决。目的探讨恢复在教师工作压力与职业倦怠之间的中介作用。方法对芬兰小学教师进行横断面研究，采用马斯拉奇职业倦怠量表（Maslach burnout inventory - generalized Survey）测量教师的职业倦怠，并采用努力-回报不平衡（ERI）模型对教师的工作压力进行概念化。恢复情况用恢复体验问卷和詹金斯睡眠问题量表进行测量。对年龄、性别和总工作时间进行多元线性回归分析和bootstrap中介分析。结果在76名研究对象中，高ERI与职业倦怠及其倦怠、玩世不恭和职业效能降低维度相关。较差的恢复体验，即休闲时间放松程度较低，部分介导了ERI与职业效能降低之间的关系。睡眠问题，以非恢复性睡眠的形式，部分介导了ERI与倦怠和疲惫之间的关系。结论支持工作中努力与回报之间的平衡可以促进休闲时间的恢复，改善睡眠质量，并有助于降低倦怠率。
Background Both work stress and poor recovery have been shown to contribute to the development of burnout. However, the role of recovery as a mediating mechanism that links work stress to burnout has not been sufficiently addressed in research.Aims To examine recovery as a mediator in the relationship between work stress and burnout among teachers.Methods A cross-sectional study of Finnish primary school teachers, in whom burnout was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and work stress was conceptualized using the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. Recovery was measured with the Recovery Experience Questionnaire and the Jenkins Sleep Problems Scale. Multiple linear regression analyses and bootstrap mediation analyses adjusted for age, gender and total working hours were performed.Results Among the 76 study subjects, high ERI was associated with burnout and its dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism and reduced professional efficacy. Poor recovery experiences, in terms of low relaxation during leisure time, partially mediated the relationship between ERI and reduced professional efficacy. Sleep problems, in the form of non-restorative sleep, partially mediated the relationship between ERI and both burnout and exhaustion.Conclusions Supporting a balance between effort and reward at work may enhance leisure time recovery and improve sleep quality, as well as help to reduce burnout rates.