A New Outlook on Mental Illnesses: Glial Involvement Beyond the Glue.
A New Outlook on Mental Illnesses: Glial Involvement Beyond the Glue.
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关于精神疾病的新看法：超越胶水的神经胶质参与。
DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2015.00468
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Magistretti PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsayed M;Magistretti PJ
长期以来，精神疾病一直被认为是神经功能异常的唯一后果。直到最近，神经胶质细胞在精神疾病的病理生理学中的作用在很大程度上被忽视了。然而最近，多条证据表明神经胶质细胞具有更多样化和重要的功能，具有改变行为的作用。星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的新角色导致了它们在脑病理学和精神疾病中的检查。事实上，在对被诊断患有精神疾病的受试者进行的死后大脑研究中，已经观察到神经胶质功能、结构和密度的异常。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了新发现的神经胶质的功能，并强调神经胶质异常的精神疾病的研究结果。我们讨论了这些临床前和临床研究结果暗示神经胶质细胞参与精神疾病的观点，这些细胞可能代表一个新的治疗目标。
Mental illnesses have long been perceived as the exclusive consequence of abnormalities in neuronal functioning. Until recently, the role of glial cells in the pathophysiology of mental diseases has largely been overlooked. However recently, multiple lines of evidence suggest more diverse and significant functions of glia with behavior-altering effects. The newly ascribed roles of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia have led to their examination in brain pathology and mental illnesses. Indeed, abnormalities in glial function, structure and density have been observed in postmortem brain studies of subjects diagnosed with mental illnesses. In this review, we discuss the newly identified functions of glia and highlight the findings of glial abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. We discuss these preclinical and clinical findings implicating the involvement of glial cells in mental illnesses with the perspective that these cells may represent a new target for treatment.