PROCESSING SPEED AS A MENTAL-CAPACITY
PROCESSING SPEED AS A MENTAL-CAPACITY
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DOI：
10.1016/0001-6918(94)90003-5
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
SALTHOUSE, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KAIL, R;SALTHOUSE, TA
在人的一生中，处理信息的速度存在明显的年龄差异，这种差异始终与高阶认知的表现有关。在这篇文章中，我们研究了特定领域和全球的解释，这些年龄差异的处理速度，我们的结论是，虽然经验可以发挥作用的年龄差异的速度，也有证据表明，一个一般的机制限制了加速性能。我们还回顾了研究表明，处理速度对非快速任务，如推理和记忆的性能质量的影响。我们认为，处理速度应被视为认知系统结构的一个基本组成部分，因为它在整个生命周期的发展。
Throughout the lifespan, there are pronounced age differences in speed of processing, differences that are consistently related to performance on measures of higher-order cognition. In this article, we examine domain-specific and global explanations of these age differences in processing speed; we conclude that although experience can play a role in age differences in speed, there is also evidence that a general mechanism limits speeded performance. We also review research that shows the influence of processing speed on the quality of performance on nonspeeded tasks such as reasoning and memory. We suggest that speed of processing should be viewed as a fundamental part of the architecture of the cognitive system as it develops across the entire lifespan.