Self-esteem reactions to social interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations
Self-esteem reactions to social interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.181
复制
发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
van Aken, Marcel A. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denissen, Jaap J. A.;Penke, Lars;van Aken, Marcel A. G.
人们有一种归属感的基本需求，这促使他们寻求与亲密他人的社会互动（Baumeister & Leary，1995）。Leary和Baumeister（2000）的社会计量理论（SMT）提出，成功满足这种需要的人具有更高的自尊（SE）。该预测在三个层次上进行了测试：个体内，个体间和国际。社会互动的数量，质量和质量和数量之间的相互作用的指标收集与朋友，家庭成员和浪漫的合作伙伴的关系。在个体内部水平上，关系质量和数量与质量之间的相互作用成为SE每日波动的重要预测因子。交叉滞后分析表明，这种关联至少部分是由于社会包容对SE变化的影响。在个体间水平上，通常报告较高质量关系的人也具有较高水平的特质SE。在国际层面上，那些居民经常与朋友互动的国家，其国民社会经济水平高于没有这种做法的国家，即使在控制幸福感、个人主义、国内生产总值和神经质的情况下。
People have a fundamental need to belong that motivates them to seek out social interactions with close others (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Leary and Baumeister's (2000) sociometer theory (SMT) poses that people who succeed in satisfying this need have higher self-esteem (SE). This prediction was tested across three hierarchical levels: intraindividual, interindividual, and international. Indicators of social interaction quantity, quality, and the interaction between quality and quantity were collected for relationships with friends, family members, and romantic partners. On the intraindividual level, relationship quality and the interaction between quantity and quality emerged as significant predictors of daily fluctuations in SE. Cross-lagged analyses indicated that this association is at least partly due to the effect of social inclusion on changes in SE. On an interindividual level, people who generally reported higher quality relationships also had higher levels of trait SE. On an international level, countries whose inhabitants regularly interact with friends were characterized by higher nationwide SE levels than countries without such practices, even when happiness, individualism, gross domestic product, and neuroticism were controlled.