The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.111.016667
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Lopez-Garcia, Esther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eumann Mesas, Arthur;Leon-Munoz, Luz M.;Lopez-Garcia, Esther
背景资料：咖啡和咖啡因对高血压患者血压（BP）和心血管疾病（CVD）的影响尚不确定。目的：目的是总结咖啡因和咖啡摄入对BP的急性和长期影响以及高血压患者习惯性咖啡摄入与CVD风险之间的关联的证据。设计：对截至2011年4月30日在PubMed和EMBASE检索中识别的出版物进行了系统综述和荟萃分析。数据提取自关于咖啡因或咖啡摄入量对血压变化影响的对照试验和关于习惯性咖啡摄入量与CVD之间关系的队列研究。结果：在5项试验中，给予200-300 mg咖啡因平均升高8.1 mm Hg（95% CI：5.7，10.6 mm Hg），舒张压为5.7 mm Hg（95% CI：4.1，7.4 mm Hg）。在摄入咖啡因后的第一个小时内观察到血压升高，并持续>= 3小时。在3项关于咖啡长期效应（2周）的研究中，将咖啡与无咖啡因饮食或脱咖啡因咖啡进行比较后，未观察到血压升高。最后，7项队列研究发现，没有证据表明习惯性咖啡消费和CVD的高风险之间存在关联。结论：在高血压患者中，咖啡因摄入会导致血压急性升高>= 3 h。然而，目前的证据并不支持长期饮用咖啡和血压升高之间的联系，也不支持习惯性饮用咖啡和高血压受试者心血管疾病风险增加之间的联系。美国临床营养杂志2011;94：1113-26。
Background: The effect of coffee and caffeine on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in hypertensive persons is uncertain.Objective: The objective was to summarize the evidence on the acute and longer-term effects of caffeine and coffee intake on BP and on the association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of CVD in hypertensive individuals.Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of publications identified in a PubMed and EMBASE search up to 30 April 2011 was undertaken. Data were extracted from controlled trials on the effect of caffeine or coffee intake on BP change and from cohort studies on the association between habitual coffee consumption and CVD.Results: In 5 trials, the administration of 200-300 mg caffeine produced a mean increase of 8.1 mm Hg (95% CI: 5.7, 10.6 mm Hg) in systolic BP and of 5.7 mm Hg (95% CI: 4.1, 7.4 mm Hg) in diastolic BP. The increase in BP was observed in the first hour after caffeine intake and lasted >= 3 h. In 3 studies of the longer-term effect (2 wk) of coffee, no increase in BP was observed after coffee was compared with a caffeine-free diet or was compared with decaffeinated coffee. Last, 7 cohort studies found no evidence of an association between habitual coffee consumption and a higher risk of CVD.Conclusions: In hypertensive individuals, caffeine intake produces an acute increase in BP for >= 3 h. However, current evidence does not support an association between longer-term coffee consumption and increased BP or between habitual coffee consumption and an increased risk of CVD in hypertensive subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1113-26.