See what you want to see: Motivational influences on visual perception
See what you want to see: Motivational influences on visual perception
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.612
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Dunning, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balcetis, Emily;Dunning, David
人们的动机状态--他们的愿望和偏好--会影响他们对视觉刺激的处理。在5项研究中，参与者显示了一个模棱两可的数字(例如，一个可以被视为字母B或数字13的数字)，他们倾向于报告看到了将他们分配给他们的结果的解释。这一发现得到了不显眼的和隐含的知觉测量(例如，眼球跟踪、词汇判断任务)和实验程序的证实，这些实验程序表明，参与者只知道他们看到刺激时看到的单一(通常是偏爱的)解释。这些研究表明，动机对信息加工的影响延伸到视觉环境中对刺激的前意识加工，从而引导视觉系统呈现给意识意识。
People's motivational states-their wishes and preferences-influence their processing of visual stimuli. In 5 studies, participants shown an ambiguous figure (e.g., one that could be seen either as the letter B or the number 13) tended to report seeing the interpretation that assigned them to outcomes they favored. This finding was affirmed by unobtrusive and implicit measures of perception (e.g., eye tracking, lexical decision tasks) and by experimental procedures demonstrating that participants were aware only of the single (usually favored) interpretation they saw at the time they viewed the stimulus. These studies suggest that the impact of motivation on information processing extends down into preconscious processing of stimuli in the visual environment and thus guides what the visual system presents to conscious awareness.