Integrating personality research and animal contest theory: aggressiveness in the green swordtail Xiphophorus helleri.
Integrating personality research and animal contest theory: aggressiveness in the green swordtail Xiphophorus helleri.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0028024
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Grimmer A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson AJ;de Boer M;Arnott G;Grimmer A
当个体为争夺有限的资源而竞争时，就会产生攻击行为。虽然理论研究长期以来一直强调攻击性的特定背景，但越来越多的人认识到，个体之间存在一致的行为差异，攻击性可能是个体人格的重要组成部分。虽然实证研究往往集中在一个方面或其他方面，我们建议有优点的建模内和非个体的变化，同时在竞争行为。在这里，我们展示了如何使用多元线性混合效应模型来实现这一点。使用数据从重复的镜子试验和二元相互作用的男性绿色剑尾鱼，剑尾鱼helleri，我们显示可重复的组件（共）的变化，在一套激动的行为，大致一致的主轴变化的侵略性。我们还表明，所观察到的焦点行为是依赖于对手的影响，这本身可以是可重复的，但更普遍地发现是上下文特定的。特别是，我们的模型表明，个体内的变化，在竞争行为的解释，至少部分地，由一个活生生的对手的相对大小预测的比赛理论。最后，我们提出了几个额外的应用程序的多元模型在这里展示。这些包括测试最近质疑的替代实验方法的功能等效性（例如，镜像试验，二元互动测试）用于测定个体攻击性。
Aggression occurs when individuals compete over limiting resources. While theoretical studies have long placed a strong emphasis on context-specificity of aggression, there is increasing recognition that consistent behavioural differences exist among individuals, and that aggressiveness may be an important component of individual personality. Though empirical studies tend to focus on one aspect or the other, we suggest there is merit in modelling both within- and among-individual variation in agonistic behaviour simultaneously. Here, we demonstrate how this can be achieved using multivariate linear mixed effect models. Using data from repeated mirror trials and dyadic interactions of male green swordtails, Xiphophorus helleri, we show repeatable components of (co)variation in a suite of agonistic behaviour that is broadly consistent with a major axis of variation in aggressiveness. We also show that observed focal behaviour is dependent on opponent effects, which can themselves be repeatable but were more generally found to be context specific. In particular, our models show that within-individual variation in agonistic behaviour is explained, at least in part, by the relative size of a live opponent as predicted by contest theory. Finally, we suggest several additional applications of the multivariate models demonstrated here. These include testing the recently queried functional equivalence of alternative experimental approaches, (e.g., mirror trials, dyadic interaction tests) for assaying individual aggressiveness.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
AUSTAD, SN
通讯作者：
AUSTAD, SN
影响因子：
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作者：
Gibbons, Jenny M.;Lawrence, Alistair B.;Haskell, Marie J.
通讯作者：
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ENQUIST, M;LEIMAR, O
通讯作者：
LEIMAR, O