Oncolytic virotherapy for hematological malignancies.
Oncolytic virotherapy for hematological malignancies.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/186512
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cogle CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bais S;Bartee E;Rahman MM;McFadden G;Cogle CR
白血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 和骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 等血液恶性肿瘤主要影响成人且难以治疗。对于高危疾病，可以采用造血干细胞移植（HCT）。然而，在自体 HCT 中，由于自体移植物被癌细胞污染而导致的复发仍然是一个重大挑战。已经尝试使用化疗和毒素对自体移植物进行离体操作以清除癌细胞。由于这些过去的策略缺乏针对恶性细胞的特异性，并且经常损害正常的造血干细胞和祖细胞，因此先前的离体清除自体移植物的努力导致了长期的血细胞减少和移植物失败。理想的离体清除剂将选择性地靶向污染的癌细胞，同时保留正常的干细胞和祖细胞，并且可以快速应用而不会对受体产生毒性。满足这些标准的一种试剂是溶瘤病毒。本文详细介绍了呼肠孤病毒、粘液瘤病毒、麻疹病毒、水泡性口炎病毒、柯萨奇病毒和痘苗病毒的实验进展以及将这些结果转化为临床的要求。
Hematological malignancies such as leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma (MM), and the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) primarily affect adults and are difficult to treat. For high-risk disease, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) can be used. However, in the setting of autologous HCT, relapse due to contamination of the autograft with cancer cells remains a major challenge. Ex vivo manipulations of the autograft to purge cancer cells using chemotherapies and toxins have been attempted. Because these past strategies lack specificity for malignant cells and often impair the normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, prior efforts to ex vivo purge autografts have resulted in prolonged cytopenias and graft failure. The ideal ex vivo purging agent would selectively target the contaminating cancer cells while spare normal stem and progenitor cells and would be applied quickly without toxicities to the recipient. One agent which meets these criteria is oncolytic viruses. This paper details experimental progress with reovirus, myxoma virus, measles virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, coxsackievirus, and vaccinia virus as well as requirements for translation of these results to the clinic.