Visualization of city breathability based on CFD technique: case study for urban blocks in Niigata City
Visualization of city breathability based on CFD technique: case study for urban blocks in Niigata City
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DOI：
10.1007/s12650-012-0128-z
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发表时间：
2012-08
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Y. Tominaga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Tominaga
摘要在这项研究中，计算流体动力学(CFD)技术被用来研究城市几何形状、风向和风速在城市环境中的作用。通过应用最初为室内环境开发的效率概念，术语“通风”被用作城市“透气性”的衡量标准。考虑了两种类型的建筑几何--以简单的积木和实际的城市街区为特征--代表了新泻市的不规则形态。结果表明，在低层建筑密集的地区，风速低，空气温度和通风效率等级(空气龄)普遍较高。另一方面，在高层建筑周围地区，由于来自较高海拔的强风，空气温度和空气年龄相对较低。这些趋势也可以在实际的城市街区案例中观察到。这些结果表明，通风效率的尺度，如空气的年龄，在量化城市的透气性方面是有用的。
AbstractIn this study, a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technique is used to investigate the roles of urban geometry, wind direction, and wind velocity in an urban environment. By applying efficiency concepts originally developed for indoor environments, the term “ventilation” is used as a measure of city “breathability.” Two types of building geometries are considered—cases featuring simple building blocks and actual urban blocks—which represent the configuration irregularity of Niigata City. The results obtained in the simple building block cases indicate that the wind velocity is low, and the air temperature and scale of the ventilation efficiency (age of the air) are generally high in an area crowded with low-rise buildings. On the other hand, in the areas around high-rise buildings, the air temperature and age of the air are relatively low as a result of strong winds from higher altitudes. These tendencies can also be observed in the actual urban block case. These results demonstrate that the scale of the ventilation efficiency such as the age of the air is useful in quantifying a city’s breathability.Graphical Abstract