Precise Tuning of Cortical Contractility Regulates Cell Shape during Cytokinesis.

Precise Tuning of Cortical Contractility Regulates Cell Shape during Cytokinesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.041
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发表时间:
2020-04-07
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Burnette DT
Burnette DT
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taneja N;Bersi MR;Baillargeon SM;Fenix AM;Cooper JA;Ohi R;Gama V;Merryman WD;Burnette DT

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肌动蛋白皮层的机械特性调节细胞分裂、细胞迁移和组织形态发生过程中的形状变化。我们表明,调节肌球蛋白 II (MII) 丝成分可以调节皮质的表面张力,以在胞质分裂过程中维持细胞形状。我们的结果表明,MIIA 产生皮质张力,而 MIIB 充当稳定马达,其包含在 MII 异质丝中可降低皮质张力。 MIIA 产生的张力可加快乳沟沟的进入和气泡的形成。我们还展示了 MIIB 的运动结构域和尾部结构域在维持细胞因子保真度方面的独特作用。 MIIB 运动结构域维持皮质稳定性可防止形状不稳定引起的染色体错误分离,而其尾部结构域则在胞质分裂末期介导皮质定位,从而介导细胞脱落。由于大多数非肌肉收缩系统是皮质的,因此这种调节机制可能适用于由肌球蛋白-II 收缩性驱动的许多过程。塔内贾等人。描述了两种肌球蛋白-II 旁系同源物在细胞分裂过程中调节肌动蛋白皮层力学的不同作用。肌球蛋白-IIA 产生皮质张力,而肌球蛋白-IIB 维持皮质稳定性。皮质异丝内两种旁系同源物的最佳水平对于细胞分裂过程中的形状稳定性和细胞因子保真度是必需的。
The mechanical properties of the actin cortex regulate shape changes during cell division, cell migration, and tissue morphogenesis. We show that modulation of myosin II (MII) filament composition allows tuning of surface tension at the cortex to maintain cell shape during cytokinesis. Our results reveal that MIIA generates cortex tension, while MIIB acts as a stabilizing motor and its inclusion in MII hetero-filaments reduces cortex tension. Tension generation by MIIA drives faster cleavage furrow ingression and bleb formation. We also show distinct roles for the motor and tail domains of MIIB in maintaining cytokinetic fidelity. Maintenance of cortical stability by the motor domain of MIIB safeguards against shape instability-induced chromosome missegregation, while its tail domain mediates cortical localization at the terminal stages of cytokinesis to mediate cell abscission. Because most non-muscle contractile systems are cortical, this tuning mechanism will likely be applicable to numerous processes driven by myosin-II contractility. Taneja et al. describe distinct roles for the two myosin-II paralogs in regulating actin cortex mechanics during cell division. Myosin-IIA generates cortex tension, while myosin-IIB maintains cortical stability. Optimal levels of the two paralogs within hetero-filaments at the cortex are required for shape stability and cytokinetic fidelity during cell division.
肌球蛋白在细胞质,裂解沟和人类细胞有丝分裂纺锤体中的荧光抗体定位。
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