Measuring azimuthal and radial modes of photons.
Measuring azimuthal and radial modes of photons.
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DOI：
10.1364/oe.26.031925
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发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
F. Bouchard;Natalia Herrera Valencia;Florian Brandt;R. Fickler;M. Huber;M. Malik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Bouchard;Natalia Herrera Valencia;Florian Brandt;R. Fickler;M. Huber;M. Malik
随着量子通信领域的出现，适当选择用于信息编码的光子自由度是至关重要的。高度精确的测量偏振、频率和光子到达时间的技术已经发展起来。然而，横向空间自由度仍然缺乏一种测量方案，可以实现简单、高精度地重建其完整的横向结构。在这里，我们展示了一种测量拉盖尔-高斯光束的方位模式和径向模式的方法，使用单相屏幕，精度大于99%。我们将我们的技术与以前常用的方法进行了比较，并证明了它在量子密钥分配和光的高维量子态的状态层析上的显着改进。此外，我们的技术可以很容易地扩展到任何任意的空间模式，如互无偏基、厄米-高斯和因斯-高斯。我们的方案将显著增强现有的使用光空间结构的量子和经典通信协议，并使空间模式纠缠的基础实验充分发挥其潜力。
With the emergence of the field of quantum communications, the appropriate choice of photonic degrees of freedom used for encoding information is of paramount importance. Highly precise techniques for measuring the polarisation, frequency, and arrival time of a photon have been developed. However, the transverse spatial degree of freedom still lacks a measurement scheme that allows the reconstruction of its full transverse structure with a simple implementation and a high level of accuracy. Here we show a method to measure the azimuthal and radial modes of Laguerre-Gaussian beams with a greater than 99 % accuracy, using a single phase screen. We compare our technique with previous commonly used methods and demonstrate the significant improvements it presents for quantum key distribution and state tomography of high-dimensional quantum states of light. Moreover, our technique can be readily extended to any arbitrary family of spatial modes, such as mutually unbiased bases, Hermite-Gauss, and Ince-Gauss. Our scheme will significantly enhance existing quantum and classical communication protocols that use the spatial structure of light, as well as enable fundamental experiments on spatial-mode entanglement to reach their full potential.