Traffic-related NO2 and the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in seven year olds
Traffic-related NO2 and the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in seven year olds
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.97.10102275
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Frischer, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Studnicka, M;Hackl, E;Frischer, T
本研究的目的是确定是否室外二氧化氮（NO2）在8个非城市社区，843名儿童居住至少2年进行了研究。由于空气污染的工业源距离研究社区至少20公里，因此NO2被认为主要表明与交通有关的空气污染。在中心监测器上记录NO2，并计算3年平均暴露量。根据国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究评估哮喘和呼吸道症状，哮喘患病率与长期NO2相关。随着NO2水平的增加（社区特定3年平均值为6.0-17.0 ppb），哮喘患病率分别为2.5、1.4、1.6、2.3、3.4、3.6、7.6和8.5%（趋势p=0.002）。校正性别、年龄、父母教育程度、被动吸烟、室内供暖类型和父母哮喘后，“曾患哮喘”的患病率比值比（POR）为1.28（95%可信区间（95%CI）0.20-7.98）、2.14（95%CI 0.40-11.3）和5.81（95%CI 1.27-26.5）。对于症状“喘息"（NO2增加的校正后的PORs：1.47、1.23和2.27）和”感冒以外的咳嗽“（NO2增加的校正后的PORs：1.49、1.93和2.07），观察到类似的趋势。这种关联是否是因果关系，必须在纵向研究中进行检验。
The aim of this study was to determine whether outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2)In eight nonurban communities, 843 children resident for a minimum of 2 yrs were studied. Since industrial sources of air pollution were at least 20 km away from the study communities, NO2 was considered to primarily indicate traffic-related air pollution. NO2 was recorded at central monitors, and the 3 yr mean exposure was calculated. Asthma and respiratory symptoms were assessed according to the International Study on Asthma and Allergy in Childhood.Prevalence of asthma at some time (''ever asthma'') was associated with longterm NO2. In parallel with increasing levels of NO2 (community specific 3 yr mean 6.0-17.0 parts per billion (ppb)), asthma prevalence was 2.5, 1.4, 1.6, 2.3, 3.4, 3.6, 7.6 and 8.5%, respectively (p=0.002 for trend). The prevalence odds ratios (PORs) for ''ever asthma'',following adjustment for gender, age, parental education, passive smoke exposure, type of indoor heating, and parental asthma, were 1.28 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.20-7.98), 2.14 (95% CI 0.40-11.3) and 5.81 (95% CI 1.27-26.5), when each of two communities with low, regular and high NO2, respectively, were compared with the two communities with very low NO2. For symptoms ''wheeze'' (adjusted PORs for increased NO2: 1.47, 1.23 and 2.27) and ''cough apart from colds'' (adjusted PORs for increased NO2: 1.49, 1.93 and 2.07), a similar trend was seen.In this study a significant relationship was observed between traffic-related nitrogen dioxide and the prevalence of asthma and symptoms. Whether this association is causal has to be tested in longitudinal studies.