Basic principles of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and repetitive TMS (rTMS)
Basic principles of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and repetitive TMS (rTMS)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rehab.2015.05.005
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lackmy-Vallee, Alexandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klomjai, Wanalee;Katz, Rose;Lackmy-Vallee, Alexandra
经颅磁刺激（TMS）和重复TMS （rTMS）是间接和非侵入性的方法，通过线圈产生穿过头皮的磁场来诱导运动皮层的兴奋性变化。今天，经颅磁刺激已成为研究人类大脑功能的关键方法。此外，由于rTMS可以在大脑中导致持久的后遗症，因此它被认为能够诱导可塑性。这种工具似乎是神经和精神疾病的潜在治疗方法。然而，经颅磁刺激和反向经颅磁刺激诱导的生理机制尚未明确。本综述的目的是总结关于经颅磁刺激和经颅磁刺激的主要知识，以便了解它们的作用方式，并说明影响其效果的不同参数。本文回顾了临床研究中最常用的rTMS范式，并展示了通常用来解释rTMS副作用的假设。(C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS。版权所有。
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and repetitive TMS (rTMS) are indirect and non-invasive methods used to induce excitability changes in the motor cortex via a wire coil generating a magnetic field that passes through the scalp. Today, TMS has become a key method to investigate brain functioning in humans. Moreover, because rTMS can lead to long-lasting after-effects in the brain, it is thought to be able to induce plasticity. This tool appears to be a potential therapy for neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects induced by TMS and rTMS have not yet been clearly identified. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the main knowledge available for TMS and rTMS to allow for understanding their mode of action and to specify the different parameters that influence their effects. This review takes an inventory of the most-used rTMS paradigms in clinical research and exhibits the hypotheses commonly assumed to explain rTMS after-effects. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.