A Person-Centered Approach to Capture Health Disparities and Multidimensional Impact of COVID-Related Stressors
A Person-Centered Approach to Capture Health Disparities and Multidimensional Impact of COVID-Related Stressors
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0001044
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发表时间：
2022-08-25
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Ramchandani, Vijay A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luk, Jeremy W.;Stangl, Bethany L.;Ramchandani, Vijay A.
公众重要性声明本研究探讨了人们在COVID-19大流行期间遇到的不同类型的压力源，如工作中断、财务压力和认识COVID-19感染者。经历过多种财务压力的人占少数，但心理健康和酒精相关问题较高，生活质量较低。这一群体可能受益于整体干预和社区外展。COVID-19大流行以多种方式影响了人们的生活。作者利用潜在类别分析（LCA），一种以人为本的方法，来检查COVID相关压力源的不同模式及其与酒精相关，心理健康和生活质量结果的关联。参与者为463名成年人，他们在2020年6月至2022年1月期间完成了国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所COVID-19大流行对酒精影响研究的基线评估。使用横截面数据，三种分析方法（连续总分，分类分组和LCA）被应用于模型17 COVID相关的压力源。回归分析表明，更高的COVID相关压力和四个或更多COVID相关压力源的认可通常与更差的健康相关结果相关。LCA揭示了四类：一级：最小的COVID相关影响（51.6%）;第2类：工作中断（24.8%）;第3类：受COVID影响的家人/朋友（14.5%）;第4类：严重的财务压力（9.1%）。少数种族/族裔更有可能在3级，而受教育年限更长和收入更高的人不太可能在4级。有酒精使用障碍史的人更有可能在2级和4级。与1级相比，4级报告了最高水平的感知压力，有问题的酒精使用，焦虑症状，抑郁症状，酒精渴望，孤独，饮酒来科普，以及最低水平的身体，心理，社会和环境生活质量。与COVID相关的压力因素对少数群体和弱势群体的影响尤为严重。经历过多重财务压力的个人最有可能出现与健康有关的负面结果，并可能从整体干预和社区外展中受益。
Public Significance Statement This study examined different types of stressors that people encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic such as work interruptions, financial stress, and knowing someone infected with COVID-19. Individuals who experienced multiple financial stressors made up a small minority but had higher mental health and alcohol-related problems, as well as lower quality of life. This group of individuals may benefit from holistic interventions and community outreach.The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced people's lives in diverse ways. The authors utilized latent class analysis (LCA), a person-centered approach, to examine distinct patterns of COVID-related stressors and their associations with alcohol-related, mental health, and quality of life outcomes. Participants were 463 adults who completed the baseline assessment of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol Study from June 2020 to January 2022. Using cross-sectional data, three analytic methods (continuous sum score, categorical grouping, and LCA) were applied to model 17 COVID-related stressors. Regression analyses indicated higher COVID-related stress and endorsement of four or more COVID-related stressors were generally associated with worse health-related outcomes. LCA revealed four classes: Class 1: Minimal COVID-Related Impact (51.6%); Class 2: Work Interruptions (24.8%); Class 3: Family/Friends Affected by COVID (14.5%); and Class 4: Serious Financial Stress (9.1%). Racial/ethnic minorities were more likely to be in Class 3, whereas individuals with more years of education and higher income were less likely to be in Class 4. Individuals with a history of alcohol use disorder were more likely to be in Classes 2 and 4. Compared with Class 1, Class 4 reported highest levels of perceived stress, problematic alcohol use, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, alcohol craving, loneliness, drinking to cope, and lowest levels of physical, psychological, social, and environment quality of life. COVID-related stressors disproportionately affected minority and vulnerable groups. Individuals who experienced multiple financial stressors had the greatest risk for negative health-related outcomes and may benefit from holistic interventions and community outreach.