Experience with the use of LCA-modelling (EASEWASTE) in waste management
Experience with the use of LCA-modelling (EASEWASTE) in waste management
复制标题
在废物管理中使用 LCA 模型 (EASEWASTE) 的经验
DOI：
10.1177/0734242x07079184
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
M. Hauschild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. H. Christensen;G. Bhander;H. Lindvall;A. Larsen;Thilde Fruergaard;A. Damgaard;S. Manfredi;A. Boldrin;Christian Riber;M. Hauschild
生命周期评价（LCA）模型正在成为废物管理系统的主要决策支持工具。本文介绍了我们的经验，使用EASEWASTE（固体废物系统和技术的环境评估），一个新的计算机化的LCA为基础的综合废物管理模型。我们的研究结果提供了一个定量的了解废物管理系统，并可能揭示一致的方法，以改善其环境绩效。EASEWASTE提供了一个多功能的系统模型设施，结合了完整的生命周期影响评估，除了传统的影响类别外，还涉及与毒性有关的类别。新的类别涉及储存的生态毒性和被破坏的地下水资源。EASEWASTE已应用于若干研究，包括丹麦各城市废物管理的全面评估。这些研究导致了许多建模问题：需要结合特定工艺和特定投入的排放量，选择有意义的时间范围，核算生物碳排放量的方式，储存的生态毒性问题，以及将废物管理系统与避免生产能源和材料所固有的节约相结合的问题。对结果的解释表明，废物管理系统可以以环境可持续的方式设计，能源回收过程导致大量避免排放和节省资源。
Life-cycle assessment (LCA) models are becoming the principal decision support tools of waste management systems. This paper describes our experience with the use of EASEWASTE (Environmental Assessment of Solid Waste Systems and Technologies), a new computerized LCA-based model for integrated waste management. Our findings provide a quantitative understanding of waste management systems and may reveal consistent approaches to improve their environmental performances. EASEWASTE provides a versatile system modelling facility combined with a complete life-cycle impact assessment and in addition to the traditional impact categories addresses toxicity-related categories. New categories dealing with stored ecotoxicity and spoiled groundwater resources have been introduced. EASEWASTE has been applied in several studies, including full-scale assessments of waste management in Danish municipalities. These studies led to numerous modelling issues: the need of combining process-specific and input-specific emissions, the choice of a meaningful time horizon, the way of accounting for biological carbon emissions, the problem of stored ecotoxicity and aspects of crediting the waste management system with the savings inherent in avoided production of energy and materials. Interpretation of results showed that waste management systems can be designed in an environmentally sustainable manner where energy recovery processes lead to substantial avoidance of emissions and savings of resources.