Location and salience of unique features in human perceptual learning.
Location and salience of unique features in human perceptual learning.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029733
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tony S. L. Wang;Y. Lavis;G. Hall;C. Mitchell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tony S. L. Wang;Y. Lavis;G. Hall;C. Mitchell
预先暴露于一对相似刺激的混合呈现（AX和BX，其中A和B代表不同的特征，X是刺激共同的特征）有助于随后区分它们。这种感知学习效应被解释为表明，由于重复呈现刺激而导致的有效显着性的丧失被显着性调制过程衰减或逆转，该过程在混合预曝光期间对独特的刺激特征A和B进行操作。在3个实验中，我们研究了混合预暴露于AX和BX后的辨别能力，并与在预暴露背景（CX和DX）中添加新的独特特征的条件进行了比较。在所有的实验中，我们还在预暴露和测试期间监测眼睛注视。实验1和实验2发现，对预暴露刺激的辨别力是上级的。这一结果不能用显著性调制理论来解释，该理论认为，混合的预曝光仅仅减弱了对独特特征A和B的显著性丧失;相反，它表明，混合的预曝光AX和BX增强了对独特特征的显著性或注意力。实验3表明，曝光增加了对特征空间位置的敏感性，这一结论得到了眼睛凝视分析的证实。
Preexposure to intermixed presentations of a pair of similar stimuli (AX and BX, where A and B represent distinctive features, and X the features the stimuli hold in common) facilitates subsequent discrimination between them. This perceptual learning effect has been interpreted as indicating that the loss of effective salience resulting from repeated presentation of a stimulus is attenuated or reversed by a salience-modulation process that operates on the unique stimulus features A and B during intermixed preexposure. In 3 experiments, we examined discrimination after intermixed preexposure to AX and BX, making comparison with a condition in which novel unique features were added to the preexposed background (CX and DX). In all experiments, we also monitored eye gaze during both preexposure and the test. Experiments 1 and 2 found discrimination of the preexposed stimuli to be superior. This result cannot be explained by salience-modulation theories that suppose that intermixed preexposure merely attenuates loss of salience to the unique features A and B; it suggests, rather, that intermixed preexposure to AX and BX enhances the salience of, or attention paid to, the distinctive features. Experiment 3 demonstrated that exposure increases sensitivity to the spatial location of the features, a conclusion confirmed by analysis of eye gaze.