Gadgeteering for Health Care: The John W. Severinghaus Lecture on Translational Science
Gadgeteering for Health Care: The John W. Severinghaus Lecture on Translational Science
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医疗保健小工具：John W. Severinghaus 转化科学讲座
作者：
J. Severinghaus
翻译科学是一个新词，用来描述古代设计对病人有帮助的做法，它的出现早于第一位医生兼科学家帕拉塞尔苏斯。大约 1530 年，在瑞士巴塞尔，被誉为“医学路德”的神医帕拉塞尔苏斯将化学引入医学，摧毁了炼金术并发现了乙醚镇痛剂。 Rene Laennec 在 19 世纪的法国发明了听诊器，以避免将耳朵放在裸露的女性胸部上。尽管以太的引入符合转化科学概念，但莫顿的吸入器却不符合，它更接近我的一些“小玩意”。在这篇文章中，我追溯了我在转化实验室科学以提高麻醉学专业方面所扮演的小角色。我最初需要快速血气分析是为了我的美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 狗实验室对呼吸死腔和肺气体交换的研究。在血气电极发明和发展之后，我寻找麻醉和心肺生理学中的其他生理问题，特别是在高海拔地区，需要分析动脉血氧分压（PO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PCO2）、pH、血红蛋白氧饱和度（SaO2）及其衍生指标。 1 这最终导致我在职业生涯的大部分时间里开始从事医疗保健方面的小工具工作。
TRANSLATIONAL science, a new word coined to label the ancient practice of devising something helpful to the sick, long precedes the first physician–scientist, Paracelsus. In Basel, Switzerland, circa 1530, Paracelsus, the miracle doctor known as “the Luther of Medicine,” introduced chemistry to medicine, destroying alchemy and discovering ether analgesia. Rene Laennec introduced the stethoscope in 19th-century France to avoid putting his ear on a bared female bosom. Although ether’s introduction fits the translational science concept, Morton’s inhaler does not, being closer to some of my “gadgeteering.” In this article, I trace my small role in translating laboratory science to improve the specialty of anesthesiology. My original need for rapid blood gas analysis was for my National Institutes of Health (NIH) dog lab studies of respiratory dead space and lung gas exchange. After the invention and development of blood gas electrodes, I sought other physiologic problems in anesthesia and cardiorespiratory physiology, particularly at high altitude, that required analysis of arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), pH, saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen (SaO2), and their derived indices. 1 This eventually led me, over much of my professional life, to gadgeteer for health care.