Spatial Distribution of the Subseafloor Life: Diversity and Biogeography
Spatial Distribution of the Subseafloor Life: Diversity and Biogeography
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4020-8306-8_4
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Inagaki;S. Nakagawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Inagaki;S. Nakagawa
覆盖地球三分之二以上的海洋地下沉积物中含有大量的微生物细胞。海底下微生物活动可能影响全球生物地球化学循环;然而，我们对深海海底下生物圈的了解仍然非常有限。近年来的分子生态学研究表明，海底微生物群落主要由尚未被培养、尚未被鉴定的细菌和古菌组成，具有很大的系统发育多样性。在全球海洋沉积物中，无论位置和深度如何，通常都可以检测到一些系统发育组，沉积学、地球化学和地球物理特征等环境因素可能控制着它们的活动、生物量和群落结构。本章回顾了深埋海洋沉积物中微生物多样性的新模式，并讨论了微生物群落的潜在生态作用和分布。
Marine subsurface sediments that cover more than two-thirds of the Earth harbor remarkable numbers of microbial cells. Subseafloor microbial activities may affect global biogeochemical cycles; however, our knowledge of the deep-subseafloor biosphere remains very limited. Recent molecular ecological studies have shown that subseafloor microbial communities are predominantly composed of yet -uncultivated, -uncharacterized bacteria and archaea with great phylogenetic diversity. Some phylogenetic groups are commonly detected in global marine sediments regardless of location and depth, and environmental factors such as sedimentological, geochemical, and geophysical characteristics probably control their activities, biomass, and community structures. This chapter reviews emerging patterns of microbial diversity in deeply buried marine sediments and discusses the potential ecological roles and distribution of microbial communities.