Trends in Health Behavior Patterns Among US Adults, 2003-2015
Trends in Health Behavior Patterns Among US Adults, 2003-2015
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DOI：
10.1093/abm/kay010
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Nigg, Claudio R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleary, Sasha A.;Nigg, Claudio R.
背景
在过去的二十年中，美国联邦和慈善机构投入了大量资源用于改善预防措施并减少慢性疾病风险行为。
目的
鉴于为改善成年人健康行为所做的人群健康努力，本研究通过探究多种健康行为模式，探讨了这些年健康行为模式是如何转变的。
方法
数据来自2002年至2016年期间奇数年份的行为风险因素监测系统。每年针对水果和蔬菜摄入、身体活动、吸烟以及重度饮酒和酗酒情况进行潜在类别分析。
结果
三类模型对数据的拟合度最佳且最具解释性。每年都包括健康或积极运动（有预防行为，无风险行为）、冷漠（无预防/风险行为）以及酗酒群体。多年来，性别和年龄一直能将健康/积极运动群体与冷漠和酗酒群体区分开来。
结论
本研究证实健康行为集群存在且随时间保持稳定。这是令人鼓舞的，因为趋势没有恶化，但仍有改进的空间。多年来群体的重复出现表明，尽管有人群层面的干预措施，但美国很大一部分有慢性疾病风险的人群没有参与预防性健康行为。
Background Over the last two decades, considerable resources from U.S. federal and philanthropic entities were dedicated to improving preventive and reducing chronic disease risk behaviors.Purpose Given the population health efforts to improve health behaviors in adults, this study explored how health behavior patterns shifted over the years by exploring multiple health behavior patterns.Methods Data were obtained from the odd years between 2002 and 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Latent class analyses including fruit and vegetables, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and heavy and binge drinking were conducted for each year.Results Three-class models best fit the data and were most interpretable. Each year included Healthy or Physically Active (preventive behaviors, no risk behaviors), Apathetic (no preventive/risk behaviors), and Binge-drinking groups. Gender and age consistently distinguished the Healthy/Physically Active groups from the Apathetic and Binge-drinking groups across the years.Conclusions This study confirms health behavior clusters exist and have been stable across time. This is encouraging as trends have not gotten worse, but there is room for improvement. Repetition of the groups across years suggests that despite population-level interventions, a large segment of the U.S. population at risk for chronic diseases are not engaging in preventive health.