Impact of breast feeding on admission for pneumonia during postneonatal period in Brazil:: nested case-control study
Impact of breast feeding on admission for pneumonia during postneonatal period in Brazil:: nested case-control study
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.318.7194.1316
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发表时间：
1999-05-15
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Flores, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
César, JA;Victora, CG;Flores, JA
目的探讨母乳喂养对婴幼儿肺炎的保护作用及预防效果是否随年龄增长而变化。设计巢式病例对照研究，以巴西南部佩洛塔斯市152名28~364天因肺炎住院的婴幼儿为研究对象。在一项以人群为基础的病例对照研究中，对照组为2391例。主要结果测量肺炎入院的优势比，依据的是摄入的牛奶类型(纯母乳、母乳和配方奶、或配方奶和其他液体)、除配方奶外是否使用液体补充剂和固体补充剂。结果非母乳喂养的婴儿因肺炎住院的可能性是那些没有母乳喂养的婴儿的17倍(95%可信区间为7.7~36.0)。对于3个月以下的儿童，这一相对风险为61(19.0到195.5)，此后下降到10(2.8%到36.2%)。补充固形物对所有婴儿和3个月以下婴儿的相对风险分别为13.4%(7.6%~23.5%)和175.%(21.8%~1405.1)。结论母乳喂养保护幼儿免受肺炎的侵袭，尤其是在出生后的头几个月。这些结果可用于针对最脆弱年龄组的干预活动。
Objective To determine whether breast feeding protects infants against pneumonia and whether the protection varies with age.Design Nested case-control study.Setting Pelotas, southern Brazil.Subjects Cases were 152 infants aged 28-364 days who had been admitted to hospital for pneumonia. Controls were 2391 cases in a population based case-control studyMain outcome measure Odds ratio of admission for pneumonia according to type of milk consumed (breast milk alone, breast and formula milk, or formula milk and other fluids only), use of fluid supplements apart from formula milk, and use of solid supplements.Results Infants who were not being breast fed were 17 times more likely than those being breast fed without formula milli to be admitted to hospital for pneumonia (95% confidence interval 7.7 to 36.0). This relative risk was 61 (19.0 to 195.5) for children under 3 months old, decreasing to 10 (2.8 to 36.2) thereafter. Supplementation with solids was associated with a relative risk of 13.4 (7.6 to 23.5) for all infants and 175 (21.8 to 1405.1) for those under 3 months old.Conclusion Breast feeding protects young children against pneumonia, especially in the first months of life. These results may be used for targeting intervention campaigns at the most vulnerable age groups.