Distinct membrane mechanical properties of human mesenchymal stem cells determined using laser optical tweezers.
Distinct membrane mechanical properties of human mesenchymal stem cells determined using laser optical tweezers.
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DOI：
10.1529/biophysj.105.073775
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发表时间：
2006-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
I. Titushkin;M. Cho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Titushkin;M. Cho
间充质干细胞（MSC）在组织工程和再生医学中的治疗功效取决于其独特的生物学、机械和物理化学特性，这些特性尚未得到充分探索。例如，细胞膜力学已被证明对 MSC 分化有重要影响。在这项研究中，我们使用激光光镊通过从外细胞膜中提取系绳来测量人类间充质干细胞和终末分化成纤维细胞的膜力学。平均系绳长度为10.6+/-1.1微米(hMSC)和3.0+/-0.5微米(成纤维细胞)。在系链形成过程中，系链拔出力没有增加，这表明存在旨在缓冲膜张力波动的膜储库。细胞骨架破坏导致成纤维细胞系链长度增加四倍，但对 hMSC 没有影响，表明细胞膜和 hMSC 肌动蛋白细胞骨架之间的关联较弱。众所周知，胆固醇消耗会降低脂质双层的硬度，导致成纤维细胞和 hMSC 的系链长度增加，用 DMSO 处理细胞也是如此。我们假设成纤维细胞利用膜刚性和膜-细胞骨架关联来调节其膜库，而 hMSC 细胞骨架对干细胞膜力学的影响很小。
The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is determined by their unique biological, mechanical, and physicochemical characteristics, which are yet to be fully explored. Cell membrane mechanics, for example, has been shown to critically influence MSC differentiation. In this study, we used laser optical tweezers to measure the membrane mechanics of human MSCs and terminally differentiated fibroblasts by extracting tethers from the outer cell membrane. The average tether lengths were 10.6+/-1.1 microm (hMSC) and 3.0+/-0.5 microm (fibroblasts). The tether extraction force did not increase during tether formation, which suggests existence of a membrane reservoir intended to buffer membrane tension fluctuations. Cytoskeleton disruption resulted in a fourfold tether length increase in fibroblasts but had no effect in hMSCs, indicating weak association between the cell membrane and hMSC actin cytoskeleton. Cholesterol depletion, known to decrease lipid bilayer stiffness, caused an increase in the tether length both in fibroblasts and hMSCs, as does the treatment of cells with DMSO. We postulate that whereas fibroblasts use both the membrane rigidity and membrane-cytoskeleton association to regulate their membrane reservoir, hMSC cytoskeleton has only a minor impact on stem cell membrane mechanics.