Financing national non-communicable disease responses
Financing national non-communicable disease responses
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DOI：
10.1080/16549716.2017.1326687
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发表时间：
2017-06-12
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Allen, Luke Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allen, Luke Nelson
非传染性疾病(也称为社会传播疾病)显然没有出现在千年发展目标中，而且似乎错失了卫生筹资的“黄金岁月”，尽管造成的死亡和残疾比世界上任何其他疾病组都多。自2000年以来，用于非传染性疾病的“卫生发展援助”的份额一直保持在总数的1%至2%。这一资金水平不足以实现世界卫生组织(世卫组织)关于非传染性疾病的全球行动计划中的九项目标。2015年，193个国家批准了可持续发展目标，其中包括将非传染性疾病过早死亡率降低三分之一的目标。虽然这一承诺值得欢迎，但同一文本强调了国内融资的首要地位，目前国内融资主要是低收入和中等收入国家的自付。本文介绍了世卫组织非传染性疾病筹资全球协调机制工作组的调查结果。召集该小组的目的是探讨非传染性疾病的筹资办法，重点是小岛屿发展中国家。现有资金的主要来源包括税收、贷款、与私营部门的接触、影响力投资和创新融资机制。在过渡期间增加发展援助是有作用的，因为从这些来源筹集更多的收入需要时间。中期而言，国际非传染性疾病供资保持在较低水平可能是适当的，因为小岛屿发展中国家成功地承担起预防和控制非传染性疾病的财政责任。各国将不得不管理创新和传统资金来源的组合，同时找到增加非传染性疾病税收的方法。
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (also known as socially transmitted diseases) were conspicuously absent from the Millennium Development Goals and seemed to miss out on the 'golden years' of health funding despite causing more death and disability than any other disease group worldwide. The share of 'development assistance for health' dedicated to NCDs has remained at 1-2% of the total since 2000. This level of funding is insufficient to attain the nine targets in the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan on NCDs. In 2015 the Sustainable Development Goals-which include the target of reducing premature NCD mortality by a third-were endorsed by 193 countries. Whilst this commitment is welcome, the same text stresses the primacy of domestic financing, which is currently dominated by out-of-pocket payments in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper presents the findings of the WHO Global Coordination Mechanism on NCDs financing working group. The group was convened to explore NCD financing options with an emphasis on LMICs. The main sources of available finance include taxation, loans, engagement with the private sector, impact investment and innovative financing mechanisms. There is a role for development assistance to increase in the interim as raising additional revenue from these sources will take time. In the medium term it may be appropriate for international NCD funding to remain low where LMICs successfully assume financial responsibility for preventing and controlling NCDs. Countries will have to manage blends of innovative and traditional funding sources, whilst finding ways to boost tax revenue for NCDs.