9YExtinction: Does it or doesn't it? The requirement of altered gene activity and new protein synthesis
9YExtinction: Does it or doesn't it? The requirement of altered gene activity and new protein synthesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.038
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发表时间：
2006-08-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Lukowiak, Ken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lattal, K. Matthew;Radulovic, Jelena;Lukowiak, Ken
许多关于记忆的记载表明，最初的学习经历会引发一连串的细胞和分子事件，这些事件是将记忆从不稳定状态巩固为更持久状态所必需的。对许多物种记忆的研究已经发现，改变的基因活性和新的蛋白质合成是记忆巩固过程的关键组成部分。在灭绝过程中，当生物体了解到先前建立的刺激之间的关系被切断时，新的记忆就会形成并巩固。然而，灭绝背后的学习本质仍不清楚，有许多过程可能导致灭绝期间发生的行为减弱。在这篇综述中，我们认为灭绝背后的分子机制可能会因灭绝所涉及的学习过程而有所不同。我们回顾证据表明，灭绝，如初始学习，需要转录和翻译，以及证据表明，灭绝发生时，蛋白质合成受到抑制。我们认为，灭绝发生通过多种行为和分子机制的相互作用。
Many accounts of memory suggest that an initial learning experience initiates a cascade of cellular and molecular events that are required for the consolidation of memory from a labile into a more permanent state. Studies of memory in many species have routinely found that altered gene activity and new protein synthesis are the critical components of this memory consolidation process. During extinction, when organisms learn that previously established relations between stimuli have been severed, new memories are formed and consolidated. However, the nature of the learning that underlies extinction remains unclear and there are many processes that may contribute to the weakening of behavior that occurs during extinction. In this review, we suggest that the molecular mechanisms that underlie extinction may differ depending on the learning process that is engaged by extinction. We review evidence that extinction, like initial learning, requires transcription and translation, as well as evidence that extinction occurs when protein synthesis is inhibited. We suggest that extinction occurs through the interaction of multiple behavioral and molecular mechanisms.