Notes on Some Opisthobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Marshall Islands, Including 57 New Records
Notes on Some Opisthobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Marshall Islands, Including 57 New Records
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关于马绍尔群岛一些后鳃亚纲（软体动物：腹足纲）的记录，包括 57 种新记录
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发表时间：
1983
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通讯作者：
L. Boucher
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作者：
Scott W. Johnson;L. Boucher
马歇尔群岛丰富的后鳃动物群由于这些太平洋岛屿的地理位置偏远，在很大程度上仍未得到研究。我们报告的长期收集ofOpisthobranchia组装从环礁比基尼，埃尼威托克，夸贾林，Rongelap，和Ujelang。记录了马歇尔群岛的57个新记录，使这些岛屿报告的物种数量增加到103种。这些物种的形态，生态，发展和系统学方面进行了讨论。方法对已命名的种进行讨论，其中57种为马歇尔群岛的新记录（表1）。目前的收集是在潮间带的珊瑚礁和浅水中通过浮潜和水肺潜水到25米的深度，无论白天还是黑夜。记录活体标本的描述、测量和彩色照片。在可能的情况下，收集和识别猎物。通过将样本保持在放置在水族箱中的单独容器中来获得卵，所述水族箱在环境温度（27.5 ° C至29 ° C）下提供有流通海水。我们沿用了Thompson（1961）幼虫壳分类法。在Boucher（出版中）中发现了这里记录的色虫种类的发育特征。初步鉴定的基础上外部形态特征进行了验证齿舌和生殖系统的解剖时，适当的。颜色，外部形态和内部解剖的描述只提供给那些在以前的研究中没有充分描述的物种，或者在那些情况下，我们的材料与其他描述显着不同。引用的地点数据是这样的，环礁简单地命名，然后是环礁内的具体地点，例如，Jedrol岛，Medren码头，Enewetak。251.马歇尔群岛由29个环礁和5个岛屿组成，位于夏威夷檀香山西南偏西3500至4400公里处，其后支系动物群丰富多样，但尚未有任何详细的报道。以前的记录马歇尔群岛的后鳃类记录只有36种，主要限于三个研究。Marcus（1965年）研究了核试验期间（1946年至1958年）在北方马绍尔群岛收集的后鳃类，这些后鳃类与来自密克罗尼西亚的其他材料一起沿着存放在美国国家博物馆。Marcus和Burch（1965年）以及Young（1967年）根据埃尼威托克海洋生物实验室（现为中太平洋研究实验室）的短期收集报告了埃尼威托克环礁的其他物种。这项研究是在马歇尔群岛收集了3年的长期资料的结果。在一年多的时间里，几乎每天都在埃尼威托克环礁（11033/N，162 ° 20/E）的各个地点进行采集。短期采集地点为朗格拉普（11 ° 19/N，166 ° 49/E）、比基尼（11035/N，165 ° 20/E）、夸贾林（8 ° 58/N，167 ° 42/E）和乌杰朗（9 ° 51/N，160058/E）。其他记录来自收集和Kwajalein的几位居民拍摄的照片。在这篇论文中，76个容易识别的，前1 Mandarin pt于1983年1月3日接受。2中太平洋研究实验室，马歇尔群岛埃尼威托克，邮政编码。邮政信箱1768，旧金山弗朗西斯科邮政信箱96555。252《太平洋科学》，第37卷，1983年7月
The rich opisthobranch fauna of the Marshall Islands has remained largely unstudied because of the geographic remoteness of these Pacific islands. We report on a long-term collection ofOpisthobranchia assembled from the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Rongelap, and Ujelang . Fifty-seven new records for the Marshall Islands are recorded, raising to 103 the number of species reported from these islands. Aspects of the morphology, ecology, development, and systematics of 76 of these species are discussed. METHODS viously named species are discussed, 57 of which are new records for the Marshall Islands (Table 1). The present collections were made on intertidal reefs and in shallow water by snorkeling and by scuba diving to depths of 25 m, both by day and night. Descriptions, measurements, and color photographs of living specimens were recorded. When possible , prey items were collected and identified. Ova were obtained by holding specimens in individual containers placed in an aquarium provided with flowthrough seawater at ambient temperatures (27.5° to 29°C). We have followed convention in using Thompson's (1961) larval shell classification. Developmental features of the chromodorid species recorded here are found in Boucher (in press). Initial identifications based on external morphological characteristics were verified by dissections of the radulae and reproductive systems when appropriate. Descriptions of coloration, external morphology, and internal anatomy are provided only for those species not adequately described in previous studies, or in those cases in which our material varied significantly from other descriptions. Locality data are cited such that the atolls are simply named followed by specific localities within the atoll , for example, Jedrol Island, Medren Pier, Enewetak. 251 THE OPISTHOBRANCH FAUNA OF THE Marshall Islands, a group of 29 atolls and five single islands situated 3500 to 4400 km west southwest of Honolulu, Hawaii, is rich and varied but has not been reported on in any detail. Previous records of Marshall Islands' Opisthobranchia record only 36 species and are largely restricted to three studies . Opisthobranchs collected in the northern Marshalls during the period of nuclear testing (1946 to 1958) and now in the U.S. National Museum, along with additional material from Micronesia, were studied by Marcus (1965). Marcus and Burch (1965) and Young (1967) reported additional species from Enewetak Atoll based on shortterm collections at the Enewetak Marine Biological Laboratory (presently the Mid Pacific Research Laboratory). This study is the result of a long-term collection assembled in the Marshall Islands over a period of 3 years. Collections were made virtually daily at sites throughout Enewetak Atoll (11033 /N, 162°20/E) for a period of more than a year. Shorter term collections were made at Rongelap (11°19/ N, 166°49/E), Bikini (11035/N, 165°20/E), Kwajalein (8°58/ N, 167°42/ E) and Ujelang (9°51/N, 160058/E). Additional records were obtained from collections and from photographs taken by several residents ofKwajalein. In this paper 76 readily identifiable, pre1 Manuscript accepted 3 January 1983. 2 Mid Pacific Research Laboratory, Enewetak , Marshall Islands , P. O. Box 1768, APO San Francisco 96555. 252 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 37, July 1983