High plant diversity and characteristic plant community structure in broad‐leaved evergreen forests on Amami‐Oshima and Tokunoshima Islands, Japan's newest natural World Heritage Site
High plant diversity and characteristic plant community structure in broad‐leaved evergreen forests on Amami‐Oshima and Tokunoshima Islands, Japan's newest natural World Heritage Site
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日本最新的世界自然遗产奄美大岛和德之岛常绿阔叶林的高植物多样性和特征植物群落结构
DOI：
10.1111/1440-1703.12381
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Takeuchi Yayoi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toyama Hironori;Tagane Shuichiro;Aiba Shin‐ichiro;Ugawa Shin;Suzuki Eizi;Yamazaki Kaito;Fuse Kengo;Takashima Atsushi;Kadoya Taku;Takeuchi Yayoi
奄美大岛和德之岛（奄美群岛）是日本地理学的重要地区。虽然岛上植物群的独特性已得到公认，但其植物多样性，包括非树木生命形式，尚未与其他地区进行比较。在这里，我们描述了奄美群岛的植物群落结构，并分析了α和β多样性模式与环境因素以及与高纬度和低纬度地区相比，受威胁和特有物种的频率。我们在奄美群岛的7个地点，3个更北的地点和1个更南的地点使用了5 × 100 m的地块，记录了所有维管植物物种和树木大小的丰度。我们还使用了来自监测站点1000项目的五个地块的树木普查数据。五个环境变量的三个主成分被用作影响多样性的因素。我们发现，奄美群岛的万年青林具有较高的α多样性，这是由于区域间共有科的物种丰富度异常。此外，广义线性混合模型表明，温度和海拔高度对α多样性有正向影响。此外，距离矩阵的多元回归模型表明，温度和天气条件的区域差异影响β多样性。树种被发现影响物种多样性和稀有性，但草本植物也影响这些参数大幅。这些结果表明，两个研究岛屿的生物多样性热点和草本植物物种的评价是重要的，以确定森林生物多样性。
Amami‐Oshima and Tokunoshima Islands (the Amami Islands) are part of an important area for biogeography in Japan. Although the uniqueness of the islands' flora is well recognized, their plant diversity, including non‐tree life forms, has yet to be compared with that of other regions. Here, we characterize the plant community structure of the Amami Islands, and analyze the α and β diversity patterns with respect to environmental factors as well as the frequency of threatened and endemic species compared with that in regions at higher and lower latitudes. We used 5 × 100 m plots at seven sites on the Amami Islands, three sites further north, and one site further south to record the abundance of all vascular plant species and tree sizes. We also used tree census data from five plots from the Monitoring Sites 1000 Project. Three principal components from five environmental variables were used as factors affecting diversity. We found that the broad‐leaved evergreen forests on the Amami Islands have higher α diversity resulting from species richness anomalies in shared families among regions. Additionally, generalized linear mixed models indicated that temperature and altitude affect α diversity positively. Furthermore, multiple regression models on distance matrices showed that temperature and regional differences in weather conditions affect β diversity. Tree species were found to affect species diversity and rareness, but herbaceous plants also affect these parameters substantially. These results indicate that the two studied islands are biodiversity hotspots and that evaluating herbaceous species is important for determining forest biodiversity.