SPATIAL MEMORY IS IMPROVED BY AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE THROUGH DIVERGENT MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
SPATIAL MEMORY IS IMPROVED BY AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE THROUGH DIVERGENT MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.029
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发表时间：
2012-01-27
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
de Mello, M. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cassilhas, R. C.;Lee, K. S.;de Mello, M. T.
越来越多的科学证据表明，运动对人类健康，包括神经健康，具有积极影响。有氧运动本应增强心血管功能和新陈代谢，它还能诱导影响海马神经元的神经营养因子，从而改善空间学习和记忆。然而，关于抗阻运动对海马依赖性记忆的影响却知之甚少，尽管这种运动越来越多地被推荐用于提高肌肉力量和骨密度以及预防与年龄相关的残疾。因此，我们评估了抗阻训练对空间记忆以及脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF - 1）信号通路的影响，并将这些影响与有氧运动进行了比较。成年雄性Wistar大鼠在跑步机上进行8周的有氧训练（AERO组）或在垂直梯子上进行抗阻训练（RES组）。还包括对照组和假手术组。训练期结束后，AERO组和RES组都以相似的方式表现出学习和空间记忆的改善。然而，两组呈现出不同的信号通路。尽管AERO组海马中的IGF - 1、BDNF、TrkB和g - CaMKII（钙/钙调蛋白依赖性激酶II）水平升高，但RES组表现出外周和海马IGF - 1的诱导，同时海马中的胰岛素样生长因子1受体（IGF - 1R）和AKT被激活。这些不同的通路最终导致两组中突触蛋白1和突触素表达的增加。这些发现表明，有氧运动和抗阻运动都可以采用不同的分子机制，但在学习和空间记忆方面取得相似的结果。（C）2011年国际脑研究组织。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that exercise has a positive impact on human health, including neurological health. Aerobic exercise, which is supposed to enhance cardiovascular functions and metabolism, also induces neurotrophic factors that affect hippocampal neurons, thereby improving spatial learning and memory. Alternatively, little is known about the effect of resistance exercise on hippocampus-dependent memory, although this type of exercise is increasingly recommended to improve muscle strength and bone density and to prevent age-related disabilities. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of resistance training on spatial memory and the signaling pathways of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), comparing these effects with those of aerobic exercise. Adult male Wistar rats underwent 8 weeks of aerobic training on a treadmill (AERO group) or resistance training on a vertical ladder (RES group). Control and sham groups were also included. After the training period, both AERO and RES groups showed improved learning and spatial memory in a similar manner. However, both groups presented distinct signaling pathways. Although the AERO group showed increased level of IGF-1, BDNF, TrkB, and g-CaMKII (calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II) in the hippocampus, the RES group showed an induction of peripheral and hippocampal IGF-1 with concomitant activation of receptor for IGF-1 (IGF-1R) and AKT in the hippocampus. These distinct pathways culminated in an increase of synapsin 1 and synaptophysin expression in both groups. These findings demonstrated that both aerobic and resistance exercise can employ divergent molecular mechanisms but achieve similar results on learning and spatial memory. (C) 2011 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.