A pathway to recovery: the Critically Endangered Sumatran tiger Panthera tigris sumatrae in an ‘in danger’ UNESCO World Heritage Site
A pathway to recovery: the Critically Endangered Sumatran tiger Panthera tigris sumatrae in an ‘in danger’ UNESCO World Heritage Site
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恢复之路：极度濒危的苏门答腊虎Panthera tigris sumatrae处于“危险”的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地
DOI：
10.1017/s0030605317001144
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
N. Andayani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wulan Pusparini;Timbul Batubara;Fahrudin Surahmat;Ardiantiono;T. Sugiharti;M. Muslich;Fahrul Amama;W. Marthy;N. Andayani
摘要野生动物种群数量及其面临的威胁的可靠信息是评估保护策略绩效的关键。为了提高印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛Bukit Barisan Selatan国家公园的效益，并帮助恢复旗舰物种，公园管理当局指定了一个1 000平方公里的森林区块为密集保护区。为了建立一个基线，从该区域的性能进行评估，我们调查了老虎的密度Panthera tigris sumatarium，和老虎，他们的主要猎物和威胁之间的时空相互作用。据估计，老虎的密度为每100平方公里2.8只，而2002年的相机诱捕未能在密集保护区内记录到任何老虎。结果表明，研究区的猎物资源丰富，其中山羌、猕猴和野猪占总面积的85-98%，水鹿占61%。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的发现，我们也记录了相当多的人非法进入公园，在6个月内发生了77起事件，其中20%涉及武装偷猎者。偷猎者主要在夜间活动，并集中在两个地点。执法巡逻队在白天很活跃，因此与偷猎者几乎没有重叠。优先考虑这些危险地区，由护林员加强保护，将进一步确保强化保护区的安全，扩大公园的护林员活动将有助于将公园从联合国教科文组织的世界濒危遗产名录中删除。
Abstract Reliable information on wildlife populations and the threats they face is crucial for assessing the performance of conservation strategies. As part of its efforts to improve the effectiveness of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in Sumatra, Indonesia, and aid the recovery of flagship species, the Park's management authority designated a 1,000 km2 forest block an Intensive Protection Zone. To set a baseline from which to evaluate the performance of this zone, we investigated the density of tigers Panthera tigris sumatrae, and spatio-temporal interactions between tigers, their principle prey and threats. The estimated density of tigers was 2.8 per 100 km2, whereas in 2002 camera-trapping failed to record any tigers in the Intensive Protection Zone. We found the study area contained a rich prey base, with muntjac deer Muntiacus muntjak, macaques Macaca nemestrina and wild pigs Sus scrofa occupying 85–98% of the area, and sambar Rusa unicolor 61%. Despite these promising findings we also recorded a relatively high number of people entering the Park illegally, with 77 incidents over 6 months, of which 20% involved armed poachers. The poachers operated mainly at night and were concentrated in two locations. Law enforcement patrol teams were active during the day, and therefore had little overlap with the poachers. Prioritizing these at-risk areas for increased protection by rangers would further secure the Intensive Protection Zone, and expanding ranger activity across the Park would support efforts to remove the Park from UNESCO's List of World Heritage In Danger.