COMPARISON OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NEURONS IN NECTURUS RETINA
COMPARISON OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NEURONS IN NECTURUS RETINA
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1973.36.3.519
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发表时间：
1973-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
NELSON, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
NELSON, R
1953年，斯瓦蒂钦(42)首次在脊椎动物视网膜的远端区域记录到细胞内反应。这些反应，现在被称为S电位，起源于水平细胞(19，28，56)，并在各种视网膜中被记录下来。水平细胞反应具有许多不同于常规神经元活动的特征。它们通常是持续的超极化电位，从不与动作电位联系在一起，其幅度不受膜极化的影响，或者只是轻微影响。S电位的这些非常规性质多年来引起了人们对其产生机制的许多猜测(6，13-15，33，34，36，50，53，55)。最近发现另外两种视网膜细胞类型也对具有持续超极化电位的光做出反应。这些细胞是受体细胞(1、46、48、56)和一类双极细胞(19、29、56)。第二类双极细胞以持续的去极化电位(19，29，56)对光作出反应，但在这些远端视网膜细胞中没有观察到动作电位。直到无长突细胞和神经节细胞水平，动作电位和更传统的兴奋性或抑制性突触后电位(EPSP或IPSP)才在视网膜中被发现(19，21，29，56)。为了阐明产生视网膜神经元持续反应的机制，我用双管吸管穿透了泥巴狗视网膜的神经元。通过这个程序，我已经能够测量反转潜势-
IN 1953 Svaetichin (42) first recorded intracellular responses in the distal region of the vertebrate retina. These responses, now called S potentials, originate in the horizontal cells (19, 28, 56) and have been recorded in a variety of retinas. Horizontal cell responses have many features which make them unlike the activity of conventional neurons. They are typically sustained, hyperpolarizing potentials, are never associated with action potentials, and their amplitude is not affected by membrane polarization, or only slightly so. These unconventional properties of S potentials have stimulated much speculation over the years with regard to the mechanism of their generation (6, 13-15, 33, 34, 36, 50, 53, 55).Two other retinal cell types have recently been found that also respond to light with sustained hyperpolarizing potentials. These cells are the receptor cells (1, 46, 48, 56) and one class of bipolar cells (19, 29, 56). A second class of bipolar cells responds to light with a sustained depolarizing potential (19, 29, 56), but in none of these distal retinal cells have action potentials been observed. It is not until the amacrine and ganglion cell level that action potentials and more conventional-appearing excitatory or inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs or IPSPs) are found in the retina (19, 21, 29, 56). In order to clarify the mechanisms that generate the sustained responses of retinal neurons I have used double-barreled pipettes to penetrate neurons in the retina of mudpuppy. With this procedure I have been able to measure the reversal poten-