Obesity in childhood and cardiovascular risk
Obesity in childhood and cardiovascular risk
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04449.x
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Burke, Valerie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burke, Valerie
儿童肥胖症在全球范围内日益增加，并与儿童期心血管风险因素的增加有关。在儿童中，肥胖症与高血压、血管功能受损、血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化、代谢综合征、2型糖尿病、全身炎症和氧化应激有关。更大的风险与风险因素的聚集有关。肥胖从儿童期到成年期都有，预测不良风险水平和心血管终点的增加。儿童期肥胖的成年人肥胖及其后遗症的发生率更高：内膜中层厚度更大，左心室肥大和动脉粥样硬化。在肥胖儿童的长期随访中，全因死亡率和心血管死亡率更高，中风风险也更大。遗传和环境因素导致肥胖的家庭聚集性，父母肥胖是儿童肥胖的强有力预测因素。然而，在这些家庭中可以看到与健康有关的不良行为的聚集现象，不良行为（吸烟、不良饮食选择、体育活动减少和酒精摄入量增加）也在个人中聚集，这表明需要采取多模式干预措施，认识到有风险的家庭为预防儿童肥胖和降低父母肥胖风险提供了机会。
Childhood obesity is increasing worldwide and is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk factors in childhood.In children, obesity is associated with hypertension, impaired vascular function, dyslipidaemia, atheroma, the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Greater risk is associated with clustering of risk factors.Obesity tracks from childhood to adult life and predicts adverse levels of risk and an increase in cardiovascular end-points.Adults who were obese as children have higher rates of obesity and its sequelae: greater intima-media thickness, left ventricular hypertrophy and atherosclerosis. There is greater all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as well as a greater risk of stroke, in long-term follow-up of obese children.Genetic and environmental factors contribute to familial aggregation of obesity, with parental obesity as a strong predictor of obesity in children. However, clustering of adverse health-related behaviours is seen in such families.Adverse behaviours (smoking, poor dietary choices, less physical activity and greater alcohol intake) also cluster in individuals, suggesting the need for multimodal interventions.Recognition of families at risk offers opportunities for prevention of obesity in children and decreasing risk in parents.